Chapter 12 Ratio and Proportion
Very Short Answer Type
Question 1.
Find the ratio of 75 cm to 1.5 m.
Solution:
The given numbers are not in the same units. So, converting them into same units.
1.5 m = 1.5 x 100 cm = 150 cm
[∵ 1 m = 100 cm]
∴ The required ratio is 75 cm : 150 cm.
∴ Required ratio = 1 : 2
Question 2.
Give two equivalent ratios of 3 : 5.
Solution:
Thus, 9 : 15 and 6 : 10 are the two equivalent ratios of 3 : 5.
Question 3.
Fill in the blank box.
Solution:
Question 6.
Find the ratio of the following:
(a) 56 to 63.
(b) 55 to 120.
Solution:
Question 7.
Ramesh deposited ₹ 2050 in a bank and in the month of January he withdrew ₹ 410 from his account on the last date of the month. Find the ratio of
(a) Money withdrawn to the total money deposited.
(b) Money withdrawn to the remaining amount in the bank.
Solution:
Total money deposited = ₹ 2050
Amount of money withdrawn = ₹ 410
Amount of money left in the bank = ₹ 2050 – ₹ 410 = ₹ 1640
(a) Ratio of money withdrawn to the total money deposited
∴ Required ratio = 1 : 5
(b) Ratio of money withdrawn to the money left in the bank
∴ Required ratio = 1 : 4
Question 8.
There are 180 students in a class. Number of girls are 75. Find the ratio of the girls to the number of boys.
Solution:
Total number of students = 180
Number of girls = 75
Number of boys = 180 – 75 = 105
∴ Ratio of number of girls to the number of boys
Required ratio = 5 : 7
Short Answer Type
Question 11.
In each of the following figures, find the ratio of the shaded region to the unshaded region.
Solution:
(a) Number of shaded parts = 4
Number of unshaded parts = 12
Required ratio = 1 : 3
(b) Number of shaded parts = 2
Number of unshaded parts = 4
Required ratio = 1 : 2
Question 12.
Are 20, 25, 12, 15 in proportion?
Solution:
We have 20, 25, 12, 15
Product of extremes = 20 x 15 = 300
Product of middles = 25 x 12 = 300
Since both the products are same.
∴ The four numbers 20, 25, 12, 15 are in proportion.
Question 13.
The first, second and fourth terms in a proportion are 32, 112, 217 respectively. Find the third term.
Solution:
Let the third term be x.
∴ 32, 112, x and 217 are in proportion.
∴ 32 : 112 :: x : 217
Thus, the third term = 62.
Question 14.
Find the value of x, if
(а) 8, x, x, 50 are in proportion.
(b) 36, 90, 90, x are in proportion.
Solution:
(a) Since 8, x, x, 50, are in proportion.
∴ x × x = 8 × 50
⇒ x2 = 400
∴ x = 20
Question 16.
39 packets of 12 pens each costs ₹ 374.40. Find the cost of 52 packets of 10 pens each.
Solution:
Number of pens in 1 packet = 12
Number of pens in 39 packets = 12 x 39 = 468
Number of pens in 1 packet = 10
Number of pens in 52 packets = 10 x 52 = 520
Now cost of 468 pen = ₹ 374.40
