Active and Passive Voice
Grammar 4: Active and Passive Voice (वाच्य) • By English Grammar
Chapter : 4
ACTIVE AND PASSIVE VOICE
अंग्रेजी में Voice (वाच्य) दो होते हैं—
1. Active Voice (कर्तृवाच्य) 2. Passive Voice (कर्मवाच्य)।
1. Active Voice : 'Active' का शाब्दिक अर्थ है—सक्रिय होना। अतः जब वाक्य में Subject (कर्ता) स्वयं सक्रिय (active) होता है, अर्थात् जब स्वयं Subject कार्य करता है तो यह Active Voice होता है। जैसे—
Mukesh writes a letter.
उपर्युक्त वाक्य में letter लिखने में स्वयं Subject सक्रिय है, अर्थात् Mukesh स्वयं पत्र लिखता है तो यह Active Voice है।
2. Passive Voice : Passive का शाब्दिक अर्थ है—'निष्क्रिय होना'। अतः वाक्य में जब Subject स्वयं निष्क्रिय रहता है तथा Verb के अनुसार कार्य किया जाता है तो यह Passive Voice है।
A letter is written by Mukesh.
Voice सीखने के पूर्व निम्नलिखित Table ध्यान से याद करो :
Table I—Personal Pronouns
Subjective Case कर्ता कारक | I | we | you | he | she | they |
Possessive Case संबंध कारक | my | our/ours | your/yours | his | her/hers | their/theirs |
Objective Case कर्म कारक | me | us | you | him | her | them |
<div align="center">
Rules
for
Changing into Passive
</div>
Rules :
Rule : 1 : Object को Subject बना दो।
पहचान-verb के तुरन्त बाद object होता है।
Rule : 2 : Subject के तुरन्त बाद Helping Verb का प्रयोग करें।
Rule : 3 : Verb की III Form का प्रयोग करें।
Rule : 4 : Adverbial (यदि है तो) वैसे का वैसे प्रयोग करें।
Rule : 5 : by का प्रयोग करें (यदि आवश्यक हो।)
Rule : 6 : Subject को Object बना दो।
Rule : 7 : अकर्मक क्रिया (Intransitive Verb) वाले वाक्यों का Passive Voice नहीं बन सकता है, क्योंकि ऐसे वाक्यों में object नहीं होता है। Sleep, run, laugh, weep आदि intransitive verb के कुछ उदाहरण हैं।
किन्तु यदि intransitive verb के साथ कोई Preposition दिया गया हो तब ऐसे वाक्यों का Passive Voice बनाया जा सकता है।
Table II
विभिन्न Tenses में Verb की Passive Form अर्थात् Passive बनाने समय प्रयोग की जाने वाली Verbs
Tense | Active Voice | Passive Voice |
Simple Present | 1. | |
Simple Present (Negative) | 2. | |
Simple Past | 3. | |
Simple Past (Negative) | 4. | |
Simple Future | 5. | |
Present Continuous | 6. | |
Past Continuous | 7. | |
Present Perfect | 8. | |
Past Perfect | 9. | |
Future Perfect | 10. |
[Note : 12 Tenses में से 8 tenses का Passive Voice बनाया जा सकता है। Present Perfect Continuous Tense, Past Perfect Continuous Tense, Future Continuous तथा Future Perfect Continuous Tense वाले वाक्यों का Passive Voice नहीं बनाया जा सकता है।]
Table III
Active Voice | Passive Voice |
1. He writes a letter. | A letter is written by him. |
2. He does not write a letter. | A letter is not written by him. |
3. He wrote a letter. | A letter was written by him. |
4. He did not write a letter. | A letter was not written by him. |
5. He will write a letter. | A letter will be written by him. |
6. He is writing a letter. | A letter is being written by him. |
7. He was writing a letter. | A letter was being written by him. |
8. He has written a letter. | A letter has been written by him. |
9. He had written a letter. | A letter had been written by him. |
10. He will have written a letter. | A letter will have been written by him. |
11. I can help you in your difficulty. | You can be helped by me in your difficulty. |
12. Navin would not invite his friend. | Navin's friend would not be invited by him. |
विशेष : Modals : यदि Active Voice के वाक्य में Modals का प्रयोग हो (जैसे—must, can, could, shall, should, will, would, may, might, need not) तब Passive Voice में helping verb हमेशा be ही आयेगा। इनके Passive Voice Future Simple Tense की तरह बनेंगे। .
( Subject तथा Object की पहचान )
Subject हमेशा verb के पहले आता है। सरल शब्दों में, वाक्य Subject से ही आरम्भ होता है।
Object की पहचान :
Object हमेशा verb के बाद आता है। जैसे—
1. He wrote a letter in the room.
स्पष्टीकरण : (i) 'wrote' verb है। इसके पहले 'He' है अतः He—Subject है। दूसरे शब्दों में, 'He' से वाक्य आरम्भ हुआ है, अतः He—Subject है।
(ii) Verb—'wrote' के बाद 'a letter' है, अतः यह Object ही है।
2. My brother plays football in the evening.
स्पष्टीकरण : (i) My brother से वाक्य आरम्भ है, अतः यह Subject है।
(ii) 'plays'—verb है, इसके बाद football है, अतः यह Object ही है।
1. Indefinite Tense
#### Examples
1. Active : The boy throws the ball outside.
Passive : The ball is thrown outside by the boy.
स्पष्टीकरण :
1. Object 'the ball' है, इसे पहले स्थान पर लाओ (Subject हमेशा पहले स्थान पर आता है, अर्थात् Subject से वाक्य आरम्भ होता है।)
2. 'throw' present tense है अतः is लगाया।
3. Verb की III Form—'thrown' लाएं।
4. Adverbial को वैसे के वैसे प्रयोग करें।
5. 'by' लगाया।
6. Subject को Object बनाओ।
2. Active : Mrs. Sharma cooked the breakfast.
Passive : The breakfast was cooked by Mrs. Sharma.
3. Active : She will wash the clothes in the morning.
Passive : The clothes will be washed by her in the morning.
2. Continuous Tense
पहचान : मुख्य Verb में -ing होता है।
Rules :
Rule : 1 : Helping verb उसी tense में रहेगी किन्तु साथ में 'being' आयेगा।
Rule : 2 : मुख्य verb में से -ing हटा दो और III Form लगा दो।
अन्य नियम यथावत् हैं।
#### Examples
1. Active : She is making tea.
Passive : Tea is being made by her.
2. Active : Your father was writing letters.
Passive : Letters were being written by your father.
3. Active : The teacher is teaching her.
Passive : She is being taught by the teacher.
4. Active : The boys are playing football.
Passive : Football is being played by the boys.
3. Perfect Tense
पहचान : वाक्य में has, have अथवा had होता है (और Verb की III Form होती है।)
Rules :
Rule : 1 : Helping verb has/have/had के साथ 'been' आयेगा।
Rule : 2 : प्रश्न में ही verb की III Form दी होती है अतः उसका ही प्रयोग करो।
Rule : 3 : शेष नियम यथावत् हैं।
#### Examples
1. Active : She has cooked food for the guests.
Passive : Food has been cooked for the guests by her.
2. Active : The students have written a story.
Passive : A story has been written by the students.
3. Active : Renu had locked the gate before she went out.
Passive : The gate had been locked by Renu before she went out.
4. Active : My brothers have prepared coffee.
Passive : Coffee has been prepared by my brothers.
4. Future Perfect Tense
पहचान : वाक्य में will have अथवा shall have + verb की III Form होती है।
ध्यान दो—will अथवा shall के साथ have ही आयेगा, has अथवा had कभी नहीं आयेगा।
#### Rules
Rule : 1 : Object को Subject बना दो।
Rule : 2 : तुरन्त बाद आवश्यकतानुसार will have been + V³ अथवा shall have been + V³ लगायें।
ध्यान दो— Verb की III Form, Sentence में ही दी हुई है, उसी को Ans. में लिखें।
Rule : 3 : by लगायें।
Rule : 4 : Subject को Object बनाएँ।
1. Active : Rukhsana will have taken the University Degree by the next June.
Passive : The University Degree will have been taken by Rukhsana by the next June.
2. Active : They will have repaired your television set by tomorrow.
Passive : Your television set will have been repaired by tomorrow.
3. Active : Your brother will have completed the work by Monday.
Passive : The work will have been completed by Monday by your brother.
4. Active : They will have built the bridge.
Passive : The bridge will have been built by them.
5. going to ....
पहचान– Q. में going to और उसके तुरन्त बाद verb की I Form दी होती है।
ध्यान दें- going to के तुरन्त बाद मुख्य verb होता है। 'going to' मुख्य verb नहीं है।
Rules
Rule : 1 :* Object को Subject बनाओ।
Rule : 2 :
(i) is, are, am+going to be+verb की III Form.
(ii) was, were+going to be+verb की III Form.
Rule : 3 :* by लगाओ।
Rule : 4 :* Subject को Object बनाओ।
1. Active : She is going to cook food.
Passive : Food is going to be cooked by her.
2. Active : The teacher was going to punish the students.
Passive : The students were going to be punished by the teacher.
3. Active : The judge is going to hear the case tomorrow.
Passive : The case is going to be heard tomorrow by the judge.
4. Active : They are going to open a new hospital in this town.
Passive : A new hospital is going to be opened in this town by them.
5. Active : Someone is going to open a bookstall in our school.
Passive : A bookstall is going to be opened in our school.
6. वाक्य में Modal दिया हो
प्रमुख Modals निम्नलिखित हैं, इन्हें याद कीजिए–
must, can, could, shall, should, will, would, may, might, need not ....
Rule : 1 : यदि वाक्य में कोई Modal हो तो Helping Verb हमेशा be* ही आयेगा। शेष नियम यथावत् हैं।
Rule : 2 :* Modal जहाँ है, वहीं रहेगा। Active Voice में Modal प्रायः Subject के बाद आता है, Passive Voice में भी Modal, Subject के बाद ही आयेगा।
Examples
1. Active : She could help him.
Passive : He could be helped by her.
2. Active : You must write a letter.
Passive : A letter must be written by you.
3. Active : Hari will write a book.
Passive : A book will be written by Hari.
4. Active : You should obey your parents.
Passive : Your parents should be obeyed by you.
5. Active : She may purchase some books.
Passive : Some books may be purchased by her.
DOUBLE OBJECTS
पहचान : वाक्य में Object के तुरन्त बाद कोई Noun दिया हुआ हो तो वह Noun दूसरा Object होता है। ऐसे वाक्यों के Passive Voice दो प्रकार से बन सकते हैं। आप यहाँ दिए गए प्रथम तरीके से ही Passive Voice बनाइए।
Examples
1. Active : You showed Tushar the museum.
Passive : Tushar was shown the museum by you.
स्पष्टीकरण : 'Tushar' object है। Object के बाद museum—Noun है जो दूसरा Object है।
Rule : (i) यदि Active Voice में Object के तुरन्त बाद कोई Noun हो (वह दूसरा Object है) तो वह Noun—Verb की III Form के पास आयेगा।
(ii) उसके बाद 'by' आयेगा।
Examples
2. Active : Mr. Kumar taught us English.
Passive : We were taught English by Mr. Kumar.
3. Active : You should teach the man a lesson.
Passive : The man should be taught a lesson by you.
4. Active : The police gave him a reward of ₹ 1000/-.
Passive : He was given a reward of ₹ 1000/- by the police.
5. Active : The doctor gave the child an injection.
Passive : The child was given an injection by the doctor.
6. Active : My grandmother tells me stories at night.
Passive : I am told stories by my grandmother at night.
<center>### UNIMPORTANT SUBJECTS</center>
यदि Active Voice में कोई ऐसा Subject हो जिसका महत्त्व नहीं हो (अर्थात् Unimportant Subject हो) तो Passive Voice बनाते समय उसे छोड़ देते हैं अर्थात् उसका प्रयोग Passive Voice में नहीं करते हैं। अतः by का प्रयोग भी नहीं होगा।
प्रमुख Unimportant Subjects हैं—They, We, People (All People), All of them, Someone, Somebody, everyone, everybody, one, children .....
ध्यान दें : Some people तथा Many people—unimportant subjects नहीं हैं अतः Passive Voice बनाने में by some people, by many people का प्रयोग होगा।
Examples :
1. Active : People take tea in the morning.
Passive : Tea is taken in the morning.
2. Active : Many people take tea in the morning.
Passive : Tea is taken by many people in the morning.
3. Active : They abused the leader in the meeting.
Passive : The leader was abused in the meeting.
4. Active : Someone is waiting for you in the room.
Passive : You are being waited in the room.
5. Active : Some people do not eat onions.
Passive : Onions are not eaten by some people.
<center>### Interrogative Sentences</center>
पहचान : Interrogative Sentences दो प्रकार से आरम्भ हो सकते हैं। वाक्य के अन्त में प्रश्नवाचक चिन्ह होता है।
I. Helping Verb से, जैसे—
1. Will you help me ?
2. Is she cooking food ?
II. Wh- से, जैसे-
1. When will you return my book? 2. Why are you laughing at Sita?
नोट : Interrogative Sentences का Passive Voice बनाना विद्यार्थियों को काफी कठिन प्रतीत होता है।
Rules : |
Rule : 1 : प्रश्नवाचक वाक्यों का Passive Voice बनाने के लिए केवल एक ही Rule मुख्य रूप से याद रखिए—
Helping Verb के स्थान पर Helping Verb लगायें।
Rule : 2 : यदि वाक्य Wh— से आरम्भ होता हो तो Wh— को वहीं आरम्भ में रहने दें।
शेष नियम यथावत् हैं।
यदि प्रश्नवाचक वाक्य ‘Who’ से आरम्भ हो—
Rule : 1 : By whom से Passive Voice आरम्भ करो।
Rule : 2 : By whom के तुरन्त बाद Helping Verb अवश्य लगायें।
Rule : 3 : शेष नियम यथावत् हैं।
यदि प्रश्नवाचक वाक्य ‘Whom’ से आरम्भ हो—
Rule : 1 : Who से Passive Voice आरम्भ करो।
Rule : 2 : Who के तुरन्त बाद Helping Verb अवश्य लगायें।
Rule : 3 : शेष नियम यथावत् हैं।
Examples :
1. Active : Do the boys play cricket?
Passive : Is cricket played by the boys?
2. Active : Was she cooking food in the kitchen?
Passive : Was food being cooked in the kitchen by her?
3. Active : Did she write a letter to her father?
Passive : Was a letter written to her father by her?
4. Active : Are you helping your sister?
Passive : Is your sister being helped by you?
5. Active : Have you finished your work?
Passive : Has your work been finished by you?
6. Active : When will you return my book?
Passive : When will my book be returned by you?
7. Active : Why were you laughing at Sita?
Passive : Why was Sita being laughed at by you?
8. Active : What is he writing?
Passive : What is being written by him?
9. Active : Whom do you like most?
Passive : Who is liked most by you?
10. Active : Whom is she helping?
Passive : Who is being helped by her?
11. Active : Who broke this beautiful cup?
Passive : By whom was this beautiful cup broken?
12. Active : Who will help you in your difficulty ?
Passive : By whom will you be helped in your difficulty ?
13. Active : Who can solve this question ?
Passive : By whom can this question be solved ?
14. Active : Whom will mother have given the keys?
Passive : Who will have been given the keys by my mother?
15. Active : Whom did you suggest?
Passive : Who was suggested by you?
Imperative Sentences
पहचान : Imperative Sentences (आज्ञा अथवा प्रार्थना-सूचक वाक्य) मुख्यतः तीन प्रकार से आरम्भ होते हैं-
I. Verb की I Form से, अथवा
II. Do या Do not से, अथवा
III. Let से अथवा
IV. Please/kindly से
#### Rules :
Rule : 1 : Imperative Sentence का Passive Voice 'Let' से आरम्भ करो।
Rule : 2 : Helping Verb हमेशा 'be' ही आयेगा।
Rule : 3 : शेष नियम यथावत् हैं।
Formula :
#### Examples
1. Active : Write a letter to your father.
Passive : Let a letter be written to your father.
2. Active : Open the window.
Passive : Let the window be opened.
3. Active : Do your work.
Passive : Let your work be done.
4. Active : Do not play football on the road.
Passive : Let football not be played on the road.
Imperative : Request [with Please/Kindly]
#### Rules :
Rule : 1 : Please/kindly के स्थान पर 'You are requested to' का use करते हैं।
Rule : 2 : शेष वाक्य को यथावत् रखते हैं।
#### Examples
1. Active : Please, give me your pen.
Passive : You are requested to give me your pen.
2. Active : Kindly, exempt him from school fee.
Passive : You are requested to exempt him from school fee.
Passive of Verbs with Appropriate Preposition
यदि Active Voice के verb के साथ कोई Preposition लगा होता है तब Passive Voice बनाते समय भी Preposition का प्रयोग होता है। शेष नियम यथावत् हैं।
#### Examples
1. Active : He laughed at Sita.
Passive : Sita was laughed at by him.
2. Active : The Collector gave away prizes.
Passive : Prizes were given away by the Collector.
3. Active : Somebody was waiting for you outside the room.
Passive : You were being waited for by somebody outside the room.
Use of Preposition other than 'by' in Passive Voice
कुछ verbs कार्य (action) की जगह मानसिक स्थिति अथवा भाव को व्यक्त करती हैं, (जैसे—bored, frightened, interested, mistaken, surprised, shocked, worried, amazed etc.)। इस प्रकार की verbs को Passive voice में परिवर्तित करते समय 'by' का प्रयोग नहीं होता है बल्कि वाक्य के भावानुसार Preposition का प्रयोग होता है।
#### Examples
1. Active : We do not know her.
Passive : She is not known to us.
2. Active : He annoyed me.
Passive : I was annoyed with him.
3. Active : The discovery surprised the researcher.
Passive : The researcher was surprised at the discovery.
Passive Voices of Sentences with Causative Verb
जब किसी वाक्य में Causative Verb (ऐसा verb जहाँ कर्त्ता कोई काम किसी के द्वारा करवाता हो) का प्रयोग किया है तब ऐसे वाक्यों में Subject के बाद causative verb आता है।
#### Examples
1. Active : I made him polish my shoes.
Passive : He was made to polish my shoes.
2. Active : The teacher had the student take the test.
Passive : The teacher had the test taken by the student.
3. Active : I had someone clean my house.
Passive : I had my house cleaned.
Passive Voice of Sentences with Adverb of Manner
पहचान : वाक्य के adverb के शब्द में 'ly' लगा होता है। वाक्य में well/very well/often/still आदि शब्दों का प्रयोग होता है।
Rules :
1. Adverb of manner वाले शब्द को हमेशा verb की III Form के पहले लिखते हैं।
2. शेष नियम यथावत् हैं।
#### Examples
1. Active : She cooked food quickly.
Passive : Food was quickly cooked by her.
2. Active : She still hates you.
Passive : You are still hated by her.
3. Active : They make this chair very well.
Passive : This chair is very well made by them.
Passive Voice of Sentences with Noun Clause Objects
पहचान : वाक्य में सामान्यतया believe, people think, say, expect, think, feel आदि क्रियाओं का प्रयोग होता है। वाक्य में noun clause 'that' का प्रयोग होता है। इस प्रकार के वाक्यों को passive में परिवर्तित करने के दो rule हैं—
Rules : 1 : वाक्य का आरम्भ 'It' से किया जाता है तथा noun clause में कोई परिवर्तन नहीं किया जाता है।
2 : Active Voice के वाक्य के noun clause के Subject को Passive में पूरे वाक्य का subject बना दिया जाए तथा शेष परिवर्तन to be + past participle के रूप में करते हैं। ऐसे वाक्यों में noun clause का verb 'infinitive' के रूप में लिखा जाता है तथा 'that' को हटा दिया जाता है। by + object का प्रयोग नहीं होता है।
#### Example
1. Active : They say that the prices of wheat are rising.
Passive : It is said that the prices of wheat are rising.
OR
The prices of wheat are said to be rising.
2. Active : They believed that Mr. Shukla was very rich.
Passive : It was believed that Mr. Shukla was very rich.
OR
Mr. Shukla was believed to be very rich.
3. Active : People consider that she is intelligent.
Passive : It is considered that she is intelligent.
OR
She is considered to be intelligent.
PRACTICE EXERCISE
EXERCISE : 1
Change the following sentences into Passive Voice :
1. Children are flying Kites.
Kites...................................................
2. The police has arrested the thief.
The thief...............................................
3. Pratima lost her new mobile.
........................................... by Pratima.
4. They will thank us.
We ...................................................
5. They found him guilty of murder.
He ...................................................
6. Please, hang this picture on the wall.
You are requested ..........................................
7. The Education Minister will launch a new policy.
A new policy ..........................................
8. We can speak English.
English ..........................................
9. He gave me a beautiful book.
I ..........................................
10. How do people learn languages?
How ..........................................
11. Mr. Sharma teaches us English.
We....................................................................
12. The students should not leave bicycles unlocked.
Bicycles............................................................
<div align="center">
EXERCISE : 2
</div>
Change the following sentences into Passive Voice :
1. The Police caught the thief yesterday and imprisoned him.
The thief.......................................................................................................
2. We consider honesty the best policy even today.
Honesty.......................................................................................................
3. The Board awarded the merit holder students last month.
The merit holder students.......................................................................................
4. The city library buys many books every year.
.......................................................................... by the city library.
5. Mewar Furniture supplied a set of this new furniture to our office last year.
.......................................................................... by Mewar Furniture last year.
6. They publish the daily newspaper "The Rajasthan Ujala" in our town even now.
The daily newspaper "The Rajasthan Ujala".......................................................................
7. Tulsidas wrote the Ramayan.
.......................................................................... by Tulsidas.
8. We shall start the sale of tickets for the show nextweek.
The sale of tickets.......................................................................................
9. We hold a grand fair in Pushkar in the month of Kartik every year.
Every year.......................................................................................
10. People bring a number of horses, camels and other cattle to sell in Pushkar fair.
A number of horses.......................................................................................
11. He stole his neighbour's gold so the police arrested him.
His neighbour's gold.......................................................................................
12. I know that the Government will send him to Canada for higher education next year.
I know that he .......................................................................................
<div align="center">
EXERCISE : 3
</div>
Change the following sentences into Passive Voice :
1. My mother helps me daily in my work.
2. The washerman is washing your clothes these days.
3. Our school has conducted three tests so far.
4. Our teacher gave tips for Board Exams yesterday.
5. Our teacher was revising the course those days.
6. Our teacher had taught us correct pronunciation by that time.
7. We shall attempt rest of the exercises tomorrow.
8. We shall have won the match by tomorrow.
9. Anyone can obtain meritorious marks.
10. We must observe traffic rules.
11. Indian girls cricket team won the world cup. (Sec. Board Exam., 2026)
12. The teacher praised the students for their hard work.
(Board Model Paper, 2025-26)
13. My friend brought a bag for me. (Sec. Board Exam., 2025)
14. Madam teaches us English. (Sec. Board Exam., 2025)
15. Who stole the watch? (Board Model Paper, 2024-25)
16. Did she write a story? (Board Model Paper, 2024-25)
17. Do it. (Sec. Board Exam., 2024)
18. My mother gave me a beautiful gift. (Sec. Board Exam., 2024)
19. Sanjana gave me a gift on my birthday. (Board Model Paper, 2023-24)
20. Open the window. (Board Model Paper, 2023-24)
21. People cut trees without thinking. (Sec. Board Exam., 2022)
22. He asked me to go and sit on the back bench. (Sec. Board Exam., 2022)
23. Prateek will write a letter. (Board Model Paper, 2022-23)
24. Please open your book. (Board Model Paper, 2022-23)
<div align="center">
EXERCISE : 4
</div>
Transform the following sentences into Passive Voice :
1. We send an email through internet.
2. They are showing an 'Art Film' in this theatre these days.
3. The Government has introduced digital technology in our country.
4. Our teacher organised the 'Debate Competition' last week.
5. The authority was training the trainee-technicians at that time.
6. We washed the dishes after we had taken the food.
7. He will join an ITI after passing the tenth class.
8. The Government will have undertaken space tourism by 2030.
9. We must obtain a licence before driving on the road.
10. We should do hard work in life.
11. Pratibha will play cricket tomorrow. (Sec. Board Exam., 2023)
12. They have built a house. (Sec. Board Exam., 2023)
<div align="center">
EXERCISE : 5
</div>
Transform the following sentences into Passive Voice :
1. He has learnt all the lessons.
2. Nobody has seen the tiger in recent days.
3. They celebrate Deepawali in the month of October/November.
4. Nobody can do it.
5. People understand Hindi all over the country.
6. We must look into the matter.
7. Has anybody answered this difficult question ?
8. Shut all the gates.
9. Why should you not believe me ?
10. Please keep off the grass.
11. Do not laugh at the beggar.
12. She is cooking food.
13. Who has locked the door ?
14. I remember someone giving me a watch on my birthday.
15. I don't like ambiguous replies.
16. Stop making a noise.
17. I wrote the letter in English. (Board Model Paper, 2021-2022)
**EXERCISE : 6**
Change the following sentences into Passive Voice :
1. He helps me in my difficulty.
2. She washes my shirts in the evening.
3. My uncle helps me in my homework.
4. You sold your radio yesterday.
5. The headmaster gave me a prize.
6. She promised her son a watch.
7. He wrote me many letters.
8. My father gave your sister a book.
9. Sita has sent me a gift.
10. They appointed him servant.
11. You are writing a story.
12. She is washing your shirts.
13. The boys were making noise in the class.
14. The teacher was punishing the students.
15. People are welcoming the leader.
**EXERCISE : 7**
Change the following sentences into Passive Voice :
1. Did they hire a taxi?
2. Where did you play the match?
3. How will you solve this problem?
4. What does this factory make?
5. What language do these people speak?
6. Why did you punish the boys?
7. Can you speak English?
8. Will you give me a book?
9. Write a story.
10. Open the window.
11. Do not make a noise.
12. Let him play the match.
13. Let her cook food in the room.
14. Do not hate the poor.
15. Let people laugh at you.
16. Whom are you selecting for this post?
17. Whom has he chosen as his guide?
18. Whom does she think fit for it?
19. Whom were you helping then?
<div align="center">
EXERCISE : 8
</div>
Change the following sentences into Passive Voice :
1. He told us a strange story.
2. The teacher gave him a prize.
3. Someone has discovered our plan.
4. Our army has defeated the enemy.
5. You must help your sister.
6. Somebody has stolen my watch.
7. They have pulled down the old building.
8. I will teach your sister.
9. Why did you punish the students?
10. Who will do this work?
11. Who taught you English?
12. Were you teaching the boys in the morning?
13. Where did you park my scooter?
14. People take tea in the morning.
15. Do not insult the poor.
16. Write an application to your headmaster.
17. I have paid the fee.
18. They sell books on footpath.
19. Has the doctor advised my father?
20. They will write some good stories.
<div align="center">
EXERCISE : 9
</div>
Change the following sentences into Passive Voice :
1. The doctor is examining the patient.
2. Mr. Gupta taught her English in the room.
3. My father will give you a prize on your birthday.
4. She told him many stories at night.
5. The tourist did not visit this place.
6. People take him for his brother.
7. You need not have done this.
8. The teacher is checking the books.
9. She is making tea in the kitchen.
10. The boys were writing stories in the class.
11. She will not help you in your work.
12. You could not write letters to my friends.
13. Your mother must prepare food before your father comes.
14. You will have to teach your sister in the morning.
15. She will have to bring some mangoes from the market.
16. Sita is going to write a poem in the class.
17. Your sister was going to help me.
18. Is your father writing a letter to his friend?
19. Were you playing football in your school?
20. Has he taken breakfast?
EXERCISE : 10
Change the following sentences into Passive Voice :
1. Some people insulted the shopkeeper before public for cheating.
2. We plant trees to celebrate Van-Mahotsava Day.
3. Everyone should save something against a rainy day.
4. Classical music interests me.
5. They are building a new public library.
6. An earthquake destroyed a whole town in Gujarat.
7. A car ran over a boy.
8. This work book contains 120 pages.
9. Some people do not eat garlic.
10. He did not sing a mellifluous song.
11. He did not report the matter.
12. The shopkeeper did not decorate his shop.
13. She has never told a lie.
14. The examiner will not examine his answer sheet.
15. They will not open shops on Sunday.
16. He will never eat meat.
17. Nobody can solve your problem.
18. They did not pay me for the work.
EXERCISE : 11
Change the following sentences into Passive Voice :
1. The State Bank of India is going to open a new branch in Shakti Nagar.
2. I am going to start a new lesson today.
3. The Health Ministry is going to open a new 'Family Welfare Centre' in the town.
4. The doctor is going to operate upon the patient.
5. The judge is going to hear the case after lunch break.
6. Do you want a pencil?
7. Have you posted my letter?
8. Did the nurse help your mother in the hospital?
9. Has he painted the door?
10. Does he disturb me often?
11. Who teaches you English?
12. Who created this universe?
13. Write a letter to the Collector.
14. Arrest this thief.
15. Please take down my address.
16. Don't waste your money.
17. Let her make tea for the guests.
18. Do this work.
19. Help the poor.
20. Leave this book on the table.
EXERCISE : 12
(Question Bank)
Change the following sentences into Passive Voice :
1. Ramesh does not sing a song.
2. The Principal punished the naughty boys.
3. Will Sanju not help Manju?
4. We should not tease the poor.
5. Students are taking exercise in the open air.
6. Who teaches you English?
7. Have you polished your shoes?
8. Someone has stolen my ornaments.
9. The mechanic has repaired the watch.
10. When did you take bath?
11. Why did he punish you?
12. We bring cloth from the draper.
13. Daniel had killed the scorpion with a stone.
14. They were playing volleyball.
15. Children have finished the work.
16. Switch off the fan.
17. Let him play cricket.
18. I am going to open a new shop.
ANSWERS
Answers to Exercise : 1
1. Kites are being flown by children. 2. The thief has been arrested. 3. Her new mobile was lost by Pratima. 4. We shall be thanked (by them). 5. He was found guilty of murder. 6. You are requested to hang this picture on the wall. 7. A new policy will be launched by the Education Minister. 8. English can be spoken by us. 9. I was given a beautiful book by him. 10. How are languages learnt? 11. We are taught English by Mr. Sharma. 12. Bicycles should not be left unlocked by the students.
Answers to Exercise : 2 :
1. The thief was caught yesterday and was in prisoned. 2. Honesty is considered the best policy even today. 3. The merit holder students were awarded by the Board last month. 4. Many books are bought by the city library every year. 5. A set of this new furniture was supplied to our office by Mewar Furniture last year. 6. The daily newspaper “The Rajasthan Ujala” is published in our town even now. 7. The Ramayan was written by Tulsidas. 8. The sale of tickets for the show will be started next week. 9. Every year a grand fair is held in Pushkar in the month of Kartik. 10. A number of horses, camels and other cattle are brought to be sold in Pushkar fair. 11. His neighbour's gold was stolen by him, so he was arrested. 12. I know that he will be sent to Canada for higher education next year.
Answers to Exercise : 3 :
1. I am helped daily in my work by my mother. 2. Your clothes are being washed these days by the washerman. 3. Three tests have been conducted so far by our school. 4. Tips for Board Exams were given yesterday. 5. The course was being revised those days. 6. Correct pronunciation had been taught by that time. 7. Rest of the exercises will be attempted tomorrow. 8. The match will have been won by tomorrow. 9. Meritorious marks can be obtained by anyone. 10. Traffic rules must be observed. 11. The world cup was won by Indian girls cricket team. 12. The students were praised for their hard work by the teacher. 13. A bag was brought for me by my friend. 14. English is taught to us by madam. or We are taught English by madam. 15. By whom was the watch stolen? 16. Was a story written by her? 17. Let it be done. 18. A beautiful gift was given to me by my mother. 19. A gift was given to me on my birthday by Sanjana. 20. Let the window be opened. 21. Trees are cut without thinking. 22. I was asked by him to go and sit on the back bench. 23. A letter will be written by Prateek. 24. You are requested to open your book.
Answers to Exercise : 4 :
1. An email is sent through internet. 2. An ‘Art Film’ is being shown in this theatre these days. 3. Digital technology has been introduced in our country. 4. The ‘Debate Competition’ was organised by our teacher last week. 5. The trainee-technicians were being trained at that time. 6. The dishes were washed after the food had been taken. 7. An ITI will be joined by him after passing the tenth class. 8. Space tourism will have been undertaken by the government by 2030. 9. A licence must be obtained before driving on the road. 10. Hardwork should be done in life. 11. Cricket will be played by Pratibha tomorrow. 12. A house has been built by them.
Answers to Exercise : 5 :
1. All the lessons have been learnt by him. 2. The tiger has not been seen in recent days. 3. Deepawali is celebrated in the month of October/November. 4. It cannot be done. 5. Hindi is understood all over the country. 6. The matter must be looked into. 7. Has this difficult question been answered ? 8. Let all the gates be shut. 9. Why should I not be believed by you ? 10. You are requested to keep off the grass. 11. The beggar should not be laughed at. [Or] Let the beggar not be laughed at. 12. Food is being cooked by her. 13. By whom has the door been locked ? 14. I remember being
given a watch on my birthday. 15. Ambiguous replies are not liked by me. 16. You are ordered to stop making a noise. 17. The letter was written in English by me.
Answers to Exercise : 6 :
1. I am helped by him in my difficulty. 2. My shirts are washed by her in the evening. 3. I am helped by my uncle in my homework. 4. Your radio was sold by you yesterday. 5. I was given a prize by the headmaster. 6. Her son was promised a watch by her. 7. I was written many letters by him. 8. Your sister was given a book by my father. 9. I have been sent a gift by Sita. 10. He was appointed servant. 11. A story is being written by you. 12. Your shirts are being washed by her. 13. A noise was being made by the boys in the class. 14. The students were being punished by the teacher. 15. The leader is being welcomed.
Answers to Exercise : 7 :
1. Was a taxi hired by them? 2. Where was the match played by you? 3. How will this problem be solved by you? 4. What is made in this factory? 5. What language is spoken by these people? 6. Why were the boys punished by you? 7. Can English be spoken by you? 8. Shall I be given a book by you? 9. Let a story be written. 10. Let the window be opened. 11. Let a noise not be made. 12. Let the match be played by him. 13. Let food be cooked by her in the room. 14. Let the poor not be hated. 15. Let you be laughed at. 16. Who is being selected for this post? 17. Who has been chosen as his guide by him? 18. Who is thought fit for it by her? 19. Who was being helped then by you?
Answers to Exercise : 8 :
1. We were told a strange story by him. 2. He was given a prize by the teacher. 3. Our plan has been discovered. 4. The enemy has been defeated by our army. 5. Your sister must be helped by you. 6. My watch has been stolen. 7. The old building has been pulled down. 8. Your sister will be taught by me. 9. Why were the students punished by you? 10. By whom will this work be done? 11. By whom were you taught English? 12. Were the boys being taught by you in the morning? 13. Where was my scooter parked by you? 14. Tea is taken in the morning. 15. Let the poor not be insulted. 16. Let an application be written to your headmaster. 17. The fee has been paid by me. 18. Books are sold on footpath. 19. Has my father been advised by the doctor? 20. Some good stories will be written.
Answers to Exercise : 9 :
1. The patient is being examined by the doctor. 2. She was taught English by Mr. Gupta in the room. 3. You will be given a prize by my father on your birthday. 4. He was told many stories by her at night. 5. This place was not visited by the tourist. 6. He is taken for his brother. 7. This need not have been done by you. 8. The books are being checked by the teacher. 9. Tea is being made by her in the kitchen. 10. Stories were being written by the boys in the class. 11. You will not be helped by her in your work. 12. Letters could not be written by you to my friends. 13. Food must be prepared by your mother before your father comes. 14. Your sister will have to be taught by you in the morning. 15. Some mangoes will have to be brought by her from the market. 16. A poem is going to be written by Sita in the
class. 17. I was going to be helped by your sister. 18. Is a letter being written by your father to his friend? 19. Was football being played by you in your school? 20. Has breakfast been taken by him?
Answers to Exercise : 10 :
1. The shopkeeper was insulted by some people before public for cheating. 2. Trees are planted (by us) to celebrate Van-Mahotsava Day. 3. Something should be saved against a rainy day. 4. I am interested in classical music. 5. A new public library is being built. 6. A whole town in Gujrat was destroyed by an earthquake. 7. A boy was run over by a car. 8. 120 pages are contained in this work book. (नोट—यहाँ contained के साथ in आयेगा by नहीं) 9. Garlic is not eaten by some people. 10. A mellifluous song was not sung by him. 11. The matter was not reported by him. 12. His shop was not decorated by the shopkeeper. 13. A lie has never been told by her. 14. His answer sheet will not be examined (by the examiner). 15. Shops will not be opened on Sunday. 16. Meat will never be eaten by him. 17. Your problem cannot be solved. 18. I was not paid for the work.
Answers to Exercise : 11 :
1. A new branch is going to be opened in Shakti Nagar by the State Bank of India. 2. A new lesson is going to be started by me today. 3. A new 'Family Welfare Centre' is going to be opened in the town by the Health Ministry. 4. The patient is going to be operated upon. 5. The case is going to be heard after lunch break (by the judge). 6. Is a pencil wanted by you? 7. Has my letter been posted by you? 8. Was your mother helped by the nurse in the hospital? 9. Has the door been painted by him? 10. Am I often disturbed by him? (Note : 'often'—Adverb है) 11. By whom are you taught English? 12. By whom was this universe created? 13. Let a letter be written to the Collector. 14. Let this thief be arrested. 15. You are requested to take down my address. [Or] My address may please be taken down. 16. Let your money not be wasted. 17. Let tea be made by her for the guests. 18. Let this work be done. 19. Let the poor be helped. 20. Let this book be left on the table.
Answers to Exercise : 12 :
1. A song is not sung by Ramesh. 2. The naughty boys were punished by the Principal. 3. Will manju not be helped by Sanju? 4. The poor should not be teased. 5. Exercise is being taken in the open air by students. 6. By whom are you taught English? or By whom is English taught to you? 7. Have your shoes been polished by you? 8. My ornaments have been stolen. 9. The watch has been repaired. 10. When was bath taken by you? 11. Why were you punished by him? 12. Cloth is brought from the draper by us. 13. The scorpion had been killed with a stone by Daniel. 14. Volleyball was being played by them. 15. The work has been finished by children. 16. Let the fan be switched off. 17. Let cricket be played by him. 18. A new shop is going to be opened by me.