RBSE Class 6 Social Science Chapter 3 Solutions in English — Landforms and Life

RBSE Class 6 Social Science Chapter 3 Question Answer Landforms and Life

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Landforms and Life Class 6 Questions and Answers

Landforms and Life Class 6 Question Answer (InText)

Page 41

Question 1.
What are the major types of landforms and their significance to life and culture?
Answer:
Broadly the landforms are classified into three types : (i) Mountains (ii) Plateaus (iii) Plains These landforms have different climates and humans have adapted themselves in these conditions.
1. Significance of Mountains : Mountains are shelter of deep forests, flowing rivers, lakes, grasslands and huge varieties of fauna. These mountains are good Tor agriculture and herding along with tourism. The crisp mountain air and scenic beauty attract many tourists. Some tourists go to the mountains for sports such as skiing, hiking, paragliding etc. For many centuries, people have travelled to these uplands for pilgrimages to holy sites.

2. Significance of Plateaus : Plateaus are rich source of minerals. They are known ‘as storehouses of minerals’. Hence, mining is major activity here. These plateaus also have attractive waterfalls.

3. Significance of Plains : Agriculture is a major economic activity in this landform. Plains support a variety of flora and fauna. In India, numerous festivals, ceremonies and rituals are conducted of rivers.

Question 2.
What are the challenges and opportunities of life associated with each landform?
Answer:
Challenges and opportunities of Mountains : Mountain landform is uneven steep slopes. People face many challenges. Such as :
1. Floods : Cloudbursts in the mountains and heavy rainfall cause sudden floods in these areas is a major challenge for the people living here.

2. Landslide : Sometimes, a large portion of mountain land and a slope collapse. People living here face difficulties due to collapse of house and disruption in traffic.

3. Avalanche : It means-falling of snow from mountains. Sometimes, show starts to fall or rocks break and fall. People here face difficulties due to Avalanches.

4. Excess tourist activities : Visiting of too many tourists also creates problems for people living there.

Positive aspect of mountain life : Mountain life also has many positive aspects such as fresh mountain, air and scenic beauty of mountains. This attracts visitors here. Many pilgrimage sites are located here and these also attract people for pilgrimage.

Challenges and opportunities of life on Plateaus : Plateaus often have rocky and uneven terrain with less fertile soil. So, they may have limited farming activities. Plateaus are rich in mineral deposits. They have deposits of various minerals such as gold, diamond, iron, coal etc. Plateaus are also home to many spectacular waterfalls.

Life in Plains : Plains have fertile soil. Hence, agriculture is a major occupation in this landform. Many civilisations developed around rivers in fertile plains. Maximum proportion of population resides in plains due to suitable living conditions.
But, depleting water resources, increasing population, pollution etc. are major challenges associated with life in plains.

Page 53

Question 1.
Use the colour code in Fig. 3.8 to add a landform to each name. For instance, ‘Tibetan Plateau’, ‘Rocky range’, ‘Nile plain’.
Answer:

• For Tibetan plateau = Brown colour
• For Rocky range = Light brown colour
• For Nile plain = Mild brown colour

Page 54

The picture in Fig 3.9 has been taken from a Satellite. It captures a portion of north India from a high altitude. Observe and discuss the image as a class activity.
Question 1.
Which colour is the Ganga Plain?
Answer:
Brown

Question 2.
What does the white expanse represent?
Answer:
The white expanse, represent the snow or ice sheets in the mountains.

Question 3.
What does the brown expanse at the bottom left of the image represent?
Answer:
Plains

Page 55

Question 1.
Can you give examples of river sources or confluences from your region that are regarded sacred by any community?
Answer:
The origin of the Ganga River in India is Gangotri glacier in the Himalayan region. Prayag is the confluence of Ganga, Yamuna and Saraswati rivers. It is the sacred place for the Hindu community.

Question 2.
Visit a nearby river and observe all activities there, whether economic or cultural. Note them down and discuss with your classmates.
Answer:
Students will do themselves.

Question 3.
Name some popular tourist destinations in India and identify the category of landforms they are associated with.
Answer:
The popular tourist destinations of India are Kashmir, Badrinath, Kedarnath, Shimla, Jaisalmer and Nohkalikai Falls etc. Kashmir, Badrinath, Kedarnath, Shimla belong to mountainous places. Jaisalmer belongs to desert area and Nohkalikai Falls belongs to plateau region.

Class 6 SST Landforms and Life Question Answer (Exercise)

Question 1.
In what type of landform is your town/village/city located? Which features mentioned in this chapter do you see around you?
Answer:
Our city Jaipur is situated on the plain landform. It does not have hills and deep valleys. This plain is suitable for growing all types of crops. We see wheat, gram, mustard, millets and various types of vegetables grown here.

We also see various types of animals being nurtured here.

Question 2.
Let us go back to our initial trip from Chhota Nagpur to Prayagraj and Almora. Describe the three landforms you came across on the way.
Answer:
There are three landform in our journey from Chhota Nagpur to Prayagraj and Almora – Plateau, Plain, Mountains.
1. Chhota Nagpur Plateau : It is part of the Deccan Plateau which is located in the southern part of India. It is one of the oldest and most stable land formations in India. It was formed by lava flow from massive volcanic eruptions. It is elevated landform and has a flat surface with steep slopes. The Chhota Nagpur Plateau in India is rich in mineral deposits like coal, iron, manganese.

2. Almora : It is a mountainous region. This place is high above the surrounding land. It has cool climate. This is part of Himalayan mountain range. There are coniferous trees at its places.

3. Prayagraj : This is plain landform and is a part of the Ganga plain. This area is fertile because it is formed by the sediments, silt and clay brought by the rivers. The area is famous for confluence of rivers Ganga, Yamuna and Saraswati called Triveni. All types of crops can be grown here. Hence, agriculture is the main economic activity.

Question 3.
List a few famous pilgrimage spots in India along with the landforms in which they are found.
Answer:

Question 4.
State whether True or False—
(i) The Himalayas are young mountains with rounded tops.
(ii) Plateaus usually rise sharply at least on one side.
(iii) Mountains and hills belong to the same type of landform.
(iv) Mountains, plateaus and rivers in India have the same types of flora and fauna.
(v) Ganga is a tributary to the Yamuna.
(vi) Deserts have unique flora and fauna.
(vii) Melting snow feeds rivers.
(viii) Sediments from rivers deposited in the plains makes the land fertile.
(ix) All deserts are hot.
Answer:
(i) False
(ii) False
(iii) True
(iv) False
(v) False
(vi) True
(vii) True
(viii) True
(ix) False

Question 5.
Match words in pairs

Answer:

Landforms and Life Class 6 Extra Questions and Answers Social Science Chapter 3

Multiple Choice Questions

1. …………………. can be recognised by a broad base, steep slopes and narrow summit.
(a) Mountains
(b) Hills
(c) Plateaus
(d) Plains
Answer:
(a) Mountains

2. Highlands with a lower height, less steep slopes and rounded tops are called …………………. .
(a) Mountains
(b) Hills
(c) Plateaus
(d) Plains
Answer:
(b) Hills

3. …………………. is the highest peak in South America.
(a) Mount Everest
(b) Kanchenjunga
(c) Mount Aconcagua
(d) Mount Kilimanjaro
Answer:
(c) Mount Aconcagua

4. The highest peak of the Himalayan range between Nepal and the Indian state of Sikkim is …………………. .
(a) Mount Everest
(b) Anamudi
(c) Mount Kilimanjaro
(d) Kanchenjunga
Answer:
(d) Kanchenjunga

5. …………………. is the largest Himalayan river.
(a) Ganga
(b) Yamuna
(c) Saraswati
(d) Beas
Answer:
(a) Ganga

6. A lower area between hills often with a river flowing through it is …………………. .
(a) Terrace
(b) Valley
(c) Lichen
(d) Mosses
Answer:
(b) Valley

7. The sudden collapse of the mass of earth or rock from the mountain side is known as …………………. .
(a) Avalanche
(b) Cloudburst
(c) Flash flood
(d) Landslide
Answer:
(d) Landslide

8. …………………. is the highest mountain in the world.
(a) Mount Everest
(b) Kanchenjunga
(c) Mount Aconcagua
(d) Mount Kilimanjaro
Answer:
(a) Mount Everest

9. …………………. waterfall is rising from Subarnarekha river in the Chhota Nagpur plateau.
(a) The Victoria
(b) Hundru
(c) The Jog
(d) The Nohkalikai
Answer:
(b) Hundru

10. …………………. are landforms generally found 300 meters above sea level.
(a) Mountains
(b) Valleys
(c) Plateaus
(d) Plains
Answer:
(d) Plains

Fill in the blanks

1. Some mountains are covered with …………………. due to their height.
Answer:
snow

2. Other Highlands with a lower height, less steep slopes and …………………. top are called Hills.
Answer:
rounded

3. Water from the atmosphere reaching the ground in the form of rain, snow, hail etc. are the forms of …………………. .
Answer:
precipitation

4. Mountains with tall and sharp peaks like the Himalayas are …………………. .
Answer:
young

5. …………………. is an important source of income for the people living in mountains.
Answer:
Tourism

6. …………………. was the first Indian to climb Mt. Everest in 1984.
Answer:
Bachendri Pal.

State whether True or False

1. Arunima Sinha climbed Mount Everest in 1984.
Answer:
False

2. The Tibetan Plateau is the largest and highest plateau in the world.
Answer:
True

3. The Chhota Nagpur Plateau has mines of gold and diamond.
Answer:
False

4. Plains are generally not more than 300 meters above sea level.
Answer:
True

Match the following

Question 1.

Answer:

Question 2.

Answer:

Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
What is precipitation?
Answer:
When water from the atmosphere reaches to the ground in any form such as rain, snow hail etc. is known as precipitation.

Question 2.
What is snow or ice?
Answer:
Water in solid form is known as snow or ice.

Question 3.
Which is the highest mountain in South India?
Answer:
Anamudi in Kerela.

Question 4.
Name two highest peaks of the Himalayan range.
Answer:

1. Mount Everest
2. Kanchenjunga

Question 5.
Which is much older and rounded mountain range of India?
Answer:
Aravalli Range.

Question 6.
What is the small green plant called spreads like cushion without flowers and roots?
Answer:
Moss.

Question 7.
Define the term valley.
Answer:
It is the lower area between hills or mountains often with a river flowing through it.

Question 8.
What is the main source of income for the people living in mountain region?
Answer:
Tourism

Question 9.
Write any two positive aspects of mountain life.
Answer:
(i) Fresh air (ii) Scenic beauty

Question 10.
Write the name of Mount Everest given by Tibetans.
Answer:
Chomolungma.

Question 11.
Which is the world’s largest .and highest plateau?
Answer:
The Tibetan Plateau.

Question 12.
Name any one of the oldest plateaus in the world.
Answer:
The Deccan Plateau.

Question 13.
Which plateau is famous for gold and diamond mining?
Answer:
African Plateau.

Question 14.
From how many meters of height does the Nohkalikai water fall emerge from the Cherrapunji plateau.
Answer:
340 metres

Question 15.
What do you understand by plains as landforms?
Answer:
Plains are landforms that have an extensive flat or gently undulating surface.

Question 16.
Define the term sediments.
Answer:
Particles of rock, sand and silt are called sediments brought by the rivers originating in mountain ranges.

Question 17.
What is major economic occupation of people living in plains/
Answer:
Agriculture.

Question 18.
Where did the earliest civilisation developed thousands of year ago?
Answer:
Around rivers and fertile plains.

Question 19.
In which type of landform does most of the world’s population lives at present?
Answer:
Plains

Question 20.
What is meant by confluence?
Answer:
It is the meeting point of two or more rivers.

Question 21.
Give an example of Hot Desert.
Answer:
The Sahara Desert in Africa.

Question 22.
Give example of Cold Desert.
Answer:
The Gobi Desert in Asia.

Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Define Landform. What is their relation with the environment and life?
Answer:
A landform is a physical feature on the surface of the earth. They. can broadly be divided into three categories : Mountains, Plateaus and Plains. These landforms have different climates and are home to variety of flora and fauna. Hence, they have significant connections with the environment and life.

Question 2.
How would you define a mountain in simple terms?
Answer:
Mountains are landforms that are much higher than the surrounding landscape. They can be recognised by a broad base, steep slopes and a narrow summit.

Question 3.
Why do some mountains have permanent snowcaps while others do not?
Answer:
At lower altitudes the snow melts at every summer due to high temperature but at high altitudes the snow may never melt due to low temperature. Here mountains are permanently snow capped.

Question 4.
Define Hills.
Answer:
Other Highlands with a lower height, less steep slopes and rounded tops are called Hills.

Question 5.
Which regions in India experience snow fall and which regions receive hail and rain as precipitation?
Answer:
The Himalayan regions of India such as Kashmir, Ladakh, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Sikkim etc. face snow fall while rest of the India receives precipitation in the form of rain and hail.

Question 6.
What are Montane forests? Explain with examples.
Answer:
Mountain slopes are also covered with a type of forests, known as Montane forests. These forests have conifer trees such as pine, fur, spruce etc. These trees are tall and coned shaped with pointed leaves.

Question 7.
What do you understand by ‘Moss’ and ‘Lichen’?
Answer:
Lichen : A plant like organism that generally clings to rocks, walls or trees.

Moss : A small green plant without flowers or true roots often spreading in a cushion-like cover.

Question 8.
Name any four rivers along with their places of origin.
Answer:

Question 9.
Who is Bachendri Pal?
Answer:
Bachendri Pal is an Indian mountaineer who became the first Indian women to reach the summit of Mount Everest in 1984. She was awarded with Padma Shri in the same year and Padma Bhushan in 2019.

Question 10.
Write the major features of ‘The Tibetan Plateau’.
Answer:
The Tibetan Plateau : It is the largest and the highest plateau in the world. It has an average altitude of 4500 meters. It has been nicknamed as the ‘Roof of the World’ from east to west it is nearly 2500 km long.

Question 11.
What are Plains?
Answer:
Plains are landforms that have an extensive flat or gently undulating surface. They do not have any large hills or deep valleys. They are generally not more than 300 meters above sea level. They have fertile soil due to sand, silt and clay brought by rivers originating in mountain ranges.

Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Mention any five major mountain peaks of the world.
Answer:

1. Mount Everest (Between Tibet and Nepal)
2. Kanchenjunga (Between Nepal and Sikkim)
3. The Andes-Mount Aconcagua in South America is the highest peak of Andes.
4. Mount Kilimanjaro in Eastern Africa is an isolated mountain.
5. Mont Blanc in Western Europe is the highest mountain of the Alps.

Question 2.
‘The Himalayas are young mountains.’ Explain the statement.
Answer:
The Himalayas are young mountains with tall and sharp peaks. It means they were formed recently in the history of earth and they have originated many years ago. Still, they are under the process of upliftment and erosion.

Question 3.
Where does diverse fauna find shelter in mountainous region? Give examples of some animals found there.
Answer:
Deep forests, flowing rivers, lakes, grasslands and caves in the mountains are homes to diverse fauna, for instance, the golden eagle, the peregrine falcon, the Canadian lynx, the snow leopard, the ibex, the Himalayan tahr, the mountain have the yak. the grey fox and the black bear etc. are found here.

Question 4.
‘Many traditional communities around the world consider mountains as a sacred places and worship them.’ Justify the statement with the help of examples.
Answer:
‘Many traditional communities around the world consider mountains as a sacred places and worship them.’

For example : Tibetans call Mount Everest Chomolungma which means Mother Goddess of the world and worship the mountain as such. Nepalis call it ‘Sagarmatha’, meaning ‘Goddess of the sky’. Similarly, Mount Kailash in Tibet is held sacred by followers of Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism and Bon (an ancient Tibetan religion).

Question 5.
Write about any two major Plateaus.
Answer:
(1) The Tibetan Plateau : It is the largest and highest plateau in the world. It has an average altitude of 4500 meters. It is nicknamed as the ‘Roof of the World’. From East to West, it is nearly 2500 km long.

(2) The Deccan Plateau : The Deccan Plateau of Central and South India is one of the oldest plateaus in the world. It is formed due to volcanic activity millions of years ago.

Question 6.
Give names of any four waterfalls of the world emerging from plateaus.
Answer:
Major waterfalls of the world are :
1. The Victoria Falls : It arises from the Zambezi river in South Africa.

2. The Hundru Falls : It comes from the Subarnarekha river in the Chliota Nagpur Plateau.

3. The Jog Falls : It arises from the Sharawati river in the Western Ghats.

4. The Nohkalikai Falls : It drops down the Cherrapunji plateau.

Question 7.
Explain the major occupations of the people living in Gangetic Plain.
Answer:

1. The major occupation of the people in this region include fishing and agriculture. Food crops such rice, wheat, maize, barley and millets are grown here.
2. Fiber crops such as cotton, jute and hemp are also grown in Gangetic plain.
3. Traditional agriculture is still depend on monsoon.
4. In recent decades agriculture is done with the help of irrigation with water brought to the fields through canal as tubewells.

Question 8.
How do rivers support economic activities in plains?
Answer:
The plains have gentle slope, river navigation is easy here and supports a lot of economic activities. In earlier days people also used rivers extensively to travel from one place to another. Fliere are stretches along the Ganga where people-prefer to use boats to move around.

Essay Type Questions

Question 1.
Explain the key characteristics of a desert, an important landform.
Answer:
Desert : Deserts are considered to be large and dry expanse with very little rainfall.

Types of Desert: Some deserts are hot like the Sahara Desert in Africa and the Thar Desert in the northwest of the Indian Subcontinent.

Others are cold such as Gobi Desert in Asia. Some experts also describe the Antarctica continent as desert.

Life in Deserts : Deserts have harsh living conditions but humans have adopted to most of the deserts.

Question 2.
What do you understand by a mountain as a landform? Explain about life in the mountains.
Answer:
Mountains are landforms that are much higher than the surrounding landscape. They can be recognized by a broad base, steep slopes. Some mountains are covered with snow due to their height. Most of the world’s mountains are grouped in mountain ranges such as the Himalayan in Asia, the Alps in Europe and the Andes in South America.

Life in Mountains :
1. Agriculture : The mountains have rough surface and steep slopes. This means that regular farming can only be practiced in valleys. Terrace farming is practiced in steep slopes.

2. Herding : In many mountainous regions of the world, herding is the prefer occupation over agriculture.

3. Tourism : It is an important source of income for the people living in mountains. The mountain air and scenic beauty attract many tourists.

4. Mountain sports : Some tourists go to the mountains for sports such as Hiking, Skiing, Paragliding etc.

Question 3.
Explain the major environmental challenges faced by mountainous people. Mention any two positive aspects of life in mountains.
Answer:
Challenges of life in Mountains :
People living in mountains face both natural and human made challenges such as :
1. Floods : Cloudbursts in the mountains and heavy rainfall cause sudden floods in these areas is a major challenge for the people living here.

2. Landslide : Sometimes, a large portion of mountain land and a slope collapse. People living here face difficulties due to collapse of house and disruption in traffic.

3. Avalanche : It means falling of snow from mountains. Sometimes, snow starts to fall or rocks break and fall. People here face difficulties due to avalanches.

4. Excess tourist activities : Visiting of too many tourists also creates problems for people living there.

Positive aspect of mountain life : Mountain life also has many positive aspects such as fresh mountains air and scenic beauty of mountains. This attracts visitors here. Many pilgrimages sites are located here and these also attract people for pilgrimage.

Question 4.
What do you understand by the term ‘Plateau’? Explain the key features also.
Answer:
Plateau : It is a landform rises up from the surrounding land and has a more or less flat surface.

Two examples of plateaus are the Tibetan Plateau, the largest and highest plateau the world and the Deccan Plateau, one of the oldest plateaus in the world.

Key Features : The major key features of plateaus are :
(1) Storehouses of minerals : Plateaus are rich in mineral deposits, they have been called ‘storehouses of minerals’.

(2) Mining as an occupation : Mining is a major activity on plateaus. Many of the world’s largest mines are found here.

(3) Diverse environment : Plateaus have diverse environment all over the world.

(4) Soil : These regions have rocky soil which is not suitable for agriculture. Some plateaus have black soil.

(5) Waterfalls : Plateaus have many attractive waterfalls.

Question 5.
Define ‘Plains’, a significant landform. How are they formed? Write major features also.
Answer:
Plains : Plains are landforms that have an extensive flat or gently undulating surface. They are generally not more than 300 meters above sea level.

Formation of plains : Floodplains are one type of plains formed by rivers originating in mountain ranges. Rivers deposit sand, silt, clay in the plains. Due to these sediments, plains have fertile soil.

Major features :
(1) Flat land : Plains have flat land made of sediments deposited by rivers originating from mountains.

(2) Main occupation : Agriculture is a major economic activity due to availability of water and fertile soil. Fishing is also an economic activity here.

(3) Other features :

1. Plains support a variety of flora and fauna.
2. Recently, a large part of the world’s population lives in plains.
3. Rivers flowing in plains around the world carry immense cultural values. River navigation is easy in plains and supports a lot of economic activities.

Landforms and Life Class 6 Notes Social Science Chapter 3

Landform : It is a physical feature on the surface of our planet earth. They can be broadly divided into three categories :
(i) Mountains (ii) Plateaus (iii) Plains

Mountains : Mountains are landforms that are much higher, than the surrounding landscape. Some mountains are covered with snow due to their height. At lower altitudes, snow melts every summer and turns into water that feeds rivers. Other forms of highlands are :

(1) Hills : Highlands with a lower height, less steep slopes and rounded tops are called hills.

(2) Mountain ranges : Most of the world’s mountains are grouped in mountain ranges, such as the Himalayas in Asia, the Alps in Europe and Andes in South America.

(3) Highest Peaks of the Mountain : Mount Everest and Kanchenjunga are the two highest peaks of Himalayan range. Mount Aconcagua is the highest peak of Andes. Mount Kilimanjaro, Mont Blanc, Anamudi are highest mountains in Eastern Africa, Western Europe and South India respectively.

(4) Young and Old Mountains : Mountains with tall and sharp peaks like Himalayas are young mountains. Shorter and more rounded mountains and hills such as Aravalli Range are older.

(5) Mountain Environment : Mountain slopes are covered with a type of forest called Montane forest. At higher altitudes the trees give way to grasses, mosses and lichen. Deep forest, flowing rivers, lakes and caves in the mountains are home to diverse fauna.

(6) Life in the Mountains : Regular farming can only be practiced in some valleys. In many mountainous regions of the world herding is preferred occupation. Tourism is an important source of income for the people living in mountains.

(7) Valley : A lower area between hills and mountains often with a river or stream flowing through it is known as valley.

Plateaus :

1. A plateau is a landform that rises from the surrounding area and has a more or less flat surface. Some of its sides are steep slopes. Two examples of plateaus are :(1) The Tibetan Plateau (2) The Deccan Plateau.
2. Plateaus are rich in mineral deposits. They have been called store houses of minerals.
3. The plateau environment is very diverse across the world.
4. Plateaus are also home to many spectacular waterfalls.

Plains :

1. These are landforms that have an extensive flat on gently undulating surface. They are generally not more than 300 meters above sea level.
2. Flood plains are also types of plains formed by rivers. They collect particles of rocks, sand and silt. These sediments make the soil fertile. As a result these plains are ideal for growing crops. Agriculture is the major occupation in these landforms. Plains support a variety of flora and fauna.
3. The first civilisation developed in fertile plains. A large part of the world’s population lives in plains.
4. Rivers among the world have carried immense cultural values. Rivers and their confluence are considered sacred. In India many festivals, ceremonies and rituals are conducted at such location.
5. Plains have a gentle slope, river navigation is easy and supports a lot of economic activities.

Deserts : Deserts are considered to be a large and dry expanses with very little rainfall. Some deserts are hot like the Sahara Desert in Africa, others are cold like the Gobi Desert in Asia. Despite harsh living conditions, human have adapted to most of the deserts.