RBSE Class 7 Social Science Chapter 9 Solutions in English — From the Rulers to the Ruled Types of Governments

From the Rulers to the Ruled Types of Governments Class 7 Question Answer SST Chapter 9

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Class 7 SST Chapter 9 From the Rulers to the Ruled Types of Governments Question Answer

Class 7 Social Science Chapter 9 From the Rulers to the Ruled Types of Governments Question Answer

From the Rulers to the Ruled Types of Governments Class 7 Questions and Answers

The Big Questions (Page No. 185)

Question 1.
What are the different types of government?
Answer:
There are various types of governments Broadly, we can classify them into two categories-
(a) Democratic governments and
(b) Other types of governments.

Asia Democratic governments-
Democratic governments are of two types-

1. Direct democracy and
2. Representative democracy.

(b) Other types of governments-Although the democratic system of government is the most popular form of government in the world today, several other types of government systems also exist.

These are-
(i) Monarchy system of government.
It has two forms-

• absolute monarchy and
• constitutional monarchy,

(ii) Theocracy,
(iii) Dictatorship, and
(iv) Oligarchy are types of government systems.

Question 2.
Where do governments get their power from?
Answer:
Different types of governments derive their power in different ways.

For example-
(i) Democratic governments obtain their power from the people. The people elect their representatives to govern through elections, and these representatives run the government.

(ii) In a monarchy, the system of government is generally hereditary. The king typically appoints his eldest son as his successor, and the king exercises sovereign power. In an absolute monarchy, the king’s power is based on his own authority or religious law. However, in a constitutional monarchy, the king holds only ceremonial power, and the real power rests with the Prime Minister and members of Parliament, who are elected by the people.

(iii) Theocracy-Theocratic governments derive their power from religious laws. For example, the constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran is based on the fundamental principles of Islam, which is the official religion of the country. The supreme leader is appointed by a group of Islamic clerics.

(iv) Dictatorship-In Dictatorship system of government, the ruler typically becomes a dictator based on law or military power.

Question 3.
How does a country’s government interact with the people?
Answer:
A country’s government communicates with its people by enacting laws and providing services such as education and healthcare. In a democracy, people communicate with the government by voting, protesting against the government, through the media, and through pressure groups.

Question 4.
Why does democracy matter?
Answer:
The Importance of Democracy-In a democracy, people can live their daily lives in their own way. They have the freedom of speech, dress, religious belief, and expression. They have the freedom to determine all of these things, as long as their freedom does not infringe upon the rights of others.

In a democratic government, people elect their own government. If the government they elect fails to fulfill its responsibilities of protecting the people, ensuring their basic needs are met, and maintaining peace and order, the people can replace those representatives in the next elections. The values and ideals of a democratic government are centered on the well-being of all citizens.

Let’s Explore (Page No. 188)

Question.
Which of the three methods do you think is most effective? Why?
Answer:
Of those three methods, we consider the third option to be the most effective, which states that ‘The students choose their representatives through voting, and the chosen represent¬atives become the members of the committee.’

We consider this option more effective because it is a democratic process. The elected representatives will be responsible for all the activities and functions of the school, ensuring that all school operations run smoothly. If they fail to do so, the students will replace them in the next elections.

Let’s Explore (Page No. 196)

Question 1.
List the core principles of a democratic government.
Answer:
The main principles of a democratic government are-

1. Equality
2. Liberty
3. Representative participation
4. Universal adult suffrage
5. Fundamental rights of citizens, such as the right to vote, the right to freedom of expression, and the right against exploitation
6. Independent judiciary.

These fundamental principles of democracy have evolved over time.

Question 2.
Based on your understanding, do the activity given below—
“You have to form a Student Committee in your school. Make a plan and execute it in a democratic manner, ensuring that- Functions of the committee are well defined. The election process of the committee members is democratic.”
Answer:
To form a student committee in our school, we decided to establish one. so that students could be part of developing useful rules for the smooth functioning of the school, assist in their implementation, and ensure compliance.

For this purpose, we first clearly defined the committee’s functions. We determined the following functions for the committee-

• Creating and ensuring adherence to the timetable for teaching subjects.
• Organizing sports activities.
• Serving lunch and washing dishes during lunchtime.
• Selecting speakers for the prayer assembly.
• Planning activities for bag-free days.

Committee members’ election process-
We determined that students from each class could elect a representative from among themselves, someone they trust to effectively advocate for their class’s needs. This representative would then serve on the committee.

Let’s Explore (Page No. 206)

Question 1.
Does Shane’s country look like a democracy?
Answer:
No, Shane’s country does not look like a democracy.

Question 2.
How do you think Shane’s everyday life would be?
Answer:
In our opinion, Shane’s everyday life would be like that of a slave because the government has set rules for every aspect of his daily life, both big and small. He is not even free to perform his daily tasks independently.

Question 3.
Would you like to live in such a country? Explain why.
Answer:
We would not want to live in such a country because its citizens do not have freedom of belief, expression, or dress.

Let’s Explore (Page No. 206)

Question 1.
Do a small role play of the various forms in your classroom-
Enact democracy
Enact monarchy
Enact dictatorship
Answer:
Students should perform this play themselves in their classroom.

Question 2.
What do you find to be the most suitable form of government?
Answer:
After performing a short role-playing skit in class depicting democracy, monarchy, and dictatorship, we found the democratic system of government to be the most suitable.

Class 7 From the Rulers to the Ruled Types of Governments Question Answer

Question 1.
Write names of the various types of government that you have learnt in the chapter.
Answer:
In this chapter, we have learnt about the following types of governments—
1. Democratic Governments-

• Direct Democracy
• Representative Democracy

Two types of representative democracy-

1. Parliamentary democracy, and
2. Presidential democracy.

2. Monarchy-

• Absolute monarchy,
• Constitutional monarchy.

3. Other types of governments-

• Theocratic system of government,
• Dictatorship system of government,
• Oligarchy system of government.

Question 2.
Which type of Government does India have? And why is that called that type?
Answer:
India has a representative democratic government, and it is called so because elected representatives of the people govern the country for a fixed term and are accountable to the people for their actions. If the people are dissatisfied with their performance, they can remove them from power in the next elections.

Question 3.
You read that an independent judiciary is present in all types of democracies. State any three reasons why you think it is important for the judiciary to be independent.
Answer:
It is important for the judiciary to be independent for the following reasons-
1. When the legislature, executive, and judiciary function independently within the government, they do not interfere in each other’s functions. Therefore, if the judiciary is independent, equality will be maintained in the interpretation of laws and the resolution of disputes.

2. If the judiciary remains subordinate to the legislature, the latter will become autocratic and enact laws without restraint. This will lead to the neglect of laws that promote public welfare.

3. If the judiciary remains subordinate to the executive branch, it will implement laws arbitrarily. As a result, the government will not carry out public welfare activities.

Question 4.
Do you think democratic government is better than other forms of government? Why?
Answer:
Yes, we believe that democratic government is better than other systems of governance because in a democratic government, people have universal adult suffrage to participate in the government, allowing them to elect their representatives who participate in die governance on their behalf.

Secondly, the government is accountable for protecting the rights of its people and is responsible for providing basic needs to its citizens If the government does not perform its functions properly, the people can change their representatives through elections. This ensures that there is a constant check of what the government does.

Thirdly, in a democratic system of government, individuals have the right to freedom of expression, whereas in other systems of government, the right to freedom of expression is subject to various limitations.

Question 5.
These are some practices in a few different countries. Can you match the practice with the type of government?

Answer:

Question 6.
Below is a list of countries. Find out the types of government these countries have-

Answer:

Question 7.
What are possible hurdles in a democracy in achieving its values and ideals? How can they be overcome?
Answer:
In a democratic system of government, the following hurdles may arise in achieving its values and ideals-

1. Corruption,
2. Wealth disparity,
3. Excessive control by a few over democratic institutions,
4. Erosion of the judiciary’s independence,
5. Manipulation of information channels, etc.

To overcome these obstacles, it is essential for citizens to be vigilant and alert. Aware and vigilant citizens can overcome these obstacles by monitoring the government’s functioning, raising their voices (for example, through protests and using the media), and receiving civic education. Civic education helps people understand their rights and responsibilities, enabling them to play an active role in improving democracy.

Question 8.
Democracy is different from monarchy and dictatorship. Explain.
Answer:
In a democracy, every citizen chooses their representative through universal adult suffrage. The elected representatives become part of the legislature and represent the citizens in various government decisions. These representatives are accountable to the people for their actions in government.

Monarchies are usually hereditary. The eldest son of the ruling monarch becomes the next king, and all the powers of government-legislative, administrative, and judicial-reside with the king. The king is not accountable to the people for his actions.

In a dictatorial system of government, one person or a small group controls all the power. The basis of their power is either violent military force or absolute power granted by law.

In this type of government, citizens have no control over the ruler through the law (constitution), nor is the ruler accountable to the people for their actions.