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Verb 6

1. Verb. The verb is a word that expresses some action, feeling or exist¬ence. It tells us something about the subject; as
Lions roar. (action)
Boys fly kites. (action)
I feel sorry. (feeling)
Ashoka was a great king. (existence)

2. All the verbs (shown above in black) ‘roar’, ‘fly’, ‘feel’, and ‘was’, are limited by the number and person of their subjects. Therefore, ‘roar’, ‘fly’, ‘feel’, and ‘was’, are Main Verbs—main verbs are also called Finite Verbs.

3. Verbs are divided in two parts :
A. Main Verbs (also called lexical verbs)
B. Helping Verbs (Auxiliaries-Primary and Modals)
All verbs in English except the 24 helping verbs are main verbs. Look at the chart below :
CBSE Class 6 English Grammar Verb 1

I. Main Verbs

Main Verbs are also of two kinds :
(a) Finite verbs
(b) Non-finite verbs
Finite verbs change their forms according to the person and number of the subject and the tense also, e.g.
He reads. I read
They read. She goes
I go.
They go.
Non-finite verbs do not change their forms according to the number, person or tense of the subject. The iitflnitives, gerunds and participles are called non-Jinites.

4. Read the following sentences :
Lata sang a song.
I wrote a letter.
Children like sweets.
In each of these sentences the verb takes an object. ‘Song’, ‘letter’ and ‘sweets’ are objects. A verb that takes an object is called a Transitive Verb. The object usually answers the question what ? Or whom ?
Now look at the following sentences :
Birds fly.
The sun shines.
These verbs do not require objects. They express the actions by them¬selves and make the sense complete. They are called Intransitive Verbs. Some Verbs can be used both Transitively and Intransitively.

Verbs Used Intransitively

Verbs Used Transitively

1. Birds fly

Boys fly kites.

2. The horse runs fast

I ran a race.

Exercise 1

Pick out the Transitive and Intransitive Verbs in the following sentences. Name the Object of each Transitive Verb :
1. I killed a snake.
2. The ship sank.
3. She jumped into the well.
4. She spoke slowly.
5. The sun rose in the East.
6. I broke the plates.
7. The play lasted an hour.
8. This pen costs five rupees.

II. The Conjugation of Verbs

To Conjugate a Verb means to give its four Principal forms :
Present Past
Past Participle Present Participle
If the Past or Past Participle is formed from the Present Tense by chang¬ing the Vowel of a Verb ; as—
Take, took, taken and do, did, done
The Verb is said to be a Strong Verb. .
If the Verb requires the addition of ‘ed’, ‘d or T to form their Past and Past Participles, they are called Weak Verbs ; as—
Finish, finished, finished ; die, died, died and build, built, built.

Group I
[Where no ‘n’ is added to the Past Participle)

Present

Past

Past Participle

Present Participle

Abide

abode

abode

abiding

Awake

awoke

awoke

awaking

Become

became

become

becoming

Begin

began

begun

beginning

Dig

dug

dug

digging

Drink

drank

drunk

drinking

Fight

fought

fought

fighting

Find

found

found

finding

Hold

held

held

holding

Lie

lied

lied

lying

Ring

rang

rung

ringing

Run

ran

run

running

Shine

shone

shone

shining

Sing

sang

sung

singing

Sit

sat

sat

sitting

Stand

stood

stood

standing

Swim

swam

swum

swimming

Win

won

won

winning

Wind

wound

wound

winding,

Group II
(Where ‘n’ is added to the Past Participle)

Present

Past

Past Participle

Present Participle

Arise

arose

arisen

arising

Bear

bore

bom

bearing

Bear

bore

borne

bearing

Bid

bade

bidden

bidding

Blow

blew

blown

blowing

Break

broke

broken

breaking

Choose

chose

chosen

choosing

Draw

drew

drawn

drawing

Drive

drove

driven

driving

Fall

fell

fallen

falling

Fly

flew

flown

flying

Forget

forgot

forgotten

forgetting

Freeze

froze

frozen

freezing

Grow

grew

grown

growing

Hide

hid

hidden

hiding

Know

knew

known

knowing

Lie

lay

lain

lying

Ride

rode

ridden

riding

Shake

shook

shaken

shaking

Sink

sank

sunk, sunken

sinking

Speak

spoke

spoken

speaking

Steal

stole

stolen

stealing

Strike

struck

struck, stricken

striking

Tear

tore

tom

tearing

Throw

threw

thrown

throwing

Wake

waked, woke

waked, woken

waking

Wear

wore

worn

wearing

Write

wrote

written

writing

Note. Since the Present Participle is only the ing form of the Present, we are giving below only the first three forms.

Group III—Mixed Verbs
(Partly Strong and Partly Weak)

Present

Past

Past Participle

Beat

beat

beaten

Do

did

done

Hang

hung, hanged

hung, hanged

Melt

melted

melted, molten

Sew

sewed

sewn

Shave

shaved

shaved, shaven

Show

showed

shown

Group IV
(Conjugation of Weak Verbs)

Present

Past

Past Participle

Bend

bent

bent

Bring

brought

brought

Build

built

built

Bum

burned, burnt

burned, burnt

Catch

caught

caught

Deal

dealt

dealt

Dream

dreamed

dreamed

dreamt

dreamt

Feed

fed

fed

Feel

felt

felt

Have

had

had

Hear

heard

heard

Kneel

knelt

knelt

Lay

laid

laid

Lead

led

led

Leave

left

left

Lend

lent

lent

Light

lighted, lit

lighted, lit

Lose

lost

lost

Make

made

made

Mean

meant

meant

Say

said

said

Seek

sought

sought

Send

sent

sent

Sleep

slept

slept

Smell

smelt

smelt

Spell

spelled, spelt

spelled, spelt

Spend

spent

spent

Stay

stayed

stayed

Teach

taught

taught

Wed

wedded, wed

wedded, wed

Weep

wept

wept

Exceptions

Present

Past

Past Participle

Cleave

cleft

cleft

Have

had

had

Hear

heard

heard

Lay

laid

laid

Leave

left

left

Lose

lost

lost

Make

made

made

Measure

measured

measured

Pay

paid

paid

The Present, Past and Past Participle forms of the following weak Verbs are alike :

Cast

Cut

Hit

Hurt

Let

Put

Set

Shed

Shut

Spread

The Present and Past Participle forms of certain verbs are alike.

come

came

come

run

ran

run

Mark the difference between the following Pairs of Verbs :

Present

Past

Past Participle

1

 Fall

fell

Fellen

Fell

felled

Felled

2

Find

found

Found

Found

founded

Founded

3

Lie

lay

Lain

Lie

lied

Lied

Lay

laid

laid

Exercise 1

Give the Past and Past Participle forms of the following Verbs :

(a) Speak

lie

catch

do

have

fall

hang

go

draw

grow

write

take

sit

sing

know.

(b) Meet

wring

weave

spring

beat

hear

seek

teach

lose

smell

tell

weep

shoot

put

win.

Multiple Choice Questions

Read the statements given below and tick the correct option :
I. Identify as directed :
Question 1.
Identify the Main verb
(i) fly
(ii) ought to fly
(iii) will fly
(iv) can fly

Question 2.
Identify the Modal
(i) is
(ii) ought
(iii) am
(iv) are

Question 3.
Identify the Intransitive verb
(i) Birds fly
(ii) I wrote a letter
(iii) Leela sang a song
(iv) Children love sweets

Question 4.
Identify the Past Participle form
(i) Ringing
(ii) Rung
(iii) Ring
(iv) Rang

II. Fill in the blanks with suitable verbs :
Question 5.
Children ……… to see ‘Three Idiots’
(i) hooked
(ii) booked
(iii) flocked
(iv) shook

Question 6.
Sonia ……… a fairy tale
(i) said
(ii) attended
(iii) showed
(iv) narrated

Question 7.
She ………. to go for a party
(i) will
(ii) can
(iii) dares
(iv) ought

Question 8.
The lizard …….over the books
(i) crashed
(ii) crawled
(iii) floated
(iv) flicked

III. Choose the odd man out:
Question 9.
(i) I killed a snake
(ii) She jumped into a well
(iii) She sang a song
(iv) He wrote a letter

Question 10.
(i) Birds fly
(ii) The horse runs fast
(iii) The sun rises
(iv) He wrote a letter
Answers
1. (i)
2. (ii)
3. (i)
4. (ii)
5. (iii)
6. (iv)
7. (iv)
8. (ii)
9. (ii)
10. (iv)

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