Chapter 5 Triangles Ex 5.3
Question 1.
∆ABC and ∆DBC are two isosceles triangles on the same base BC and vertices A and D are on the same side of BC (see figure). If AD is extended to intersect BC at P, show that
(i) ∆ABD = ∆ACD
(ii) ∆ABP = ∆ACP
(iii) AP bisects ∠A as well as ∠D
(iv) AP is the perpendicular bisector of BC.
Solution:
Given ∆ABC and ∆DBC are two isosceles triangles having common
base BC, suchthat AB=AC and DB=OC.
To prove:
(i) ∆ABD = ∆ACD
(ii) ∆ABP = ∆ACP
(iii) AP bisects ∠A as well as ∠D
(iv) AP is the perpendicular bisector of BC.
Question 2.
AD is an altitude of an isosceles triangle ABC in which AB = AC. Show that
(i) AD bisects BC
(ii) AD bisects ∠A
Solution:
In ∆ ABD and ∆ ACD, we have
AB = AC (Given)
∠ADB = ∠ADC = 90° (∵ Given AD ⊥BC)
AD = AD (Common)
∴ ∆ ABD ≅ ∆ ACD (By RHS congruence axiom)
BD=DC (By CPCT)
⇒ AD bisects BC.
∠ BAD = ∠ CAD (By CPCT)
∴ AD bisects ∠A .
Question 3.
Two sides AB and BC and median AM of one triangle ABC are respectively equal to sides PQ and OR and median PN of ∆PQR (see figure). Show that
(i) ∆ABC ≅ ∆PQR
(ii) ∆ABM ≅ ∆PQN
Solution:
Question 4.
BE and CF are two equal altitudes of a triangle ABC. Using RHS congruence rule, prove that the triangle ABC is isosceles.
Solution:
In ∆BEC and ∆CFB, we have
Question 5.
ABC is an isosceles triangle with AB = AC. Draw AP ⊥ BC to show that ∠B = ∠C.
Solution:
In ∆ABP and ∆ACP, We have
AB = AC (Given)
AP = AP (Common)
and ∠APB = ∠APC = 90° (∵ AP ⊥ BC)
∴ ∆ABP ≅ ∆ACP (By RHS congruence axiom)
⇒ ∠B = ∠C (By CPCT)