2 Vocabulary Gender

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प्रकार – Gender निम्न चार प्रकार के होते हैंI. Masculine Gender (मैस्कुलिन जेन्डर = पुल्लिंग) – जिस Noun अथवा Pronoun (संज्ञा अथवा सर्वनाम) से पुरुष (नर) जाति का बोध होता है, वह Masculine Gender कहलाता है। जैसे
Noun : boy, father, king, uncle, horse आदि।
Pronoun : he, his, him, his father ……….. आदि।

II. Feminine Gender (फैमिनिन जेन्डर = स्त्रीलिंग) – जिस Noun अथवा Pronoun से स्त्री (मादा) जाति का बोध हो, वह Feminine Gender कहलाता है। जैसे
Noun : girl, mother, queen, aunt, mare आदि।
Pronoun : she, her, her mother…………… आदि।

III. Common Gender (कॉमन जेन्डर = उभयलिंग)-जिस Noun अथवा Pronoun से पुरुष (नर) तथा स्त्री (मादा) दोनों का बोध हो, उसे Common Gender कहते हैं। जैसेStudent (विद्यार्थी), friend (मित्र), doctor (डॉक्टर), baby (बच्चा), child (बच्चा), teacher (अध्यापक), elephant (हाथी) आदि।

IV. Neuter Gender (न्यूटर जेन्डर = नपुंसक लिंग)जो Noun किसी निर्जीव वस्तु अर्थात् निर्जीव पदार्थ का बोध कराते हैं, व Neuter Gender (नपुंसक लिंग) होते हैं क्योंकि वे न तो पुरुष (नर) का बोध कराते हैं और न ही स्त्री (मादा) का। जैसे house, chair, table, book, garden……………..आदि।

Masculine Gender Feminine Gender बनाना –

1. अनियमित Masculine Genders जिनके Feminine बनाने के नियम नहीं हैं, वरन् शब्द-परिवर्तन करके Feminine Gender बनाए जाते हैं, जैसे

Masculine Gender — Feminine Gender

brother — sister
father — mother
son — daughter
uncle — aunt
husband — wife
queen — madam
gentleman — lady
papa — mumma
daddy — mummy
man — woman
monk — nun
nephew — niece
wizard — witch
hero — heroine
horse — mare
bull — cow
dog — bitch
fox — vixen
cock — hen
stag — hind

2. अंतिम Vowel को हटाकर-ess लगाकर Feminine Gender बनाना —

Masculine Gender — Feminine Gender actor

actor — actress
ambassador — ambassadress
conductor — conductress
director — directress
inspector — inspectress
tiger — tigress
hunter — huntress
traitor — traitress

3. मूल अर्थात् अपरिवर्तित Masculine Form – ess जोड़ देने से Feminine Gender बनाना

Masculine Gender — Feminine Gender

lion — lioness
prince — princess
giant — giantess
heir — heiress
host — hostess
poet — poetess
priest — priestess
author — authoress

4. मूल शब्द में अपरिवर्तित रूप से, -ess या -ss या -s लगाकर Feminine Gender बनाना —

emperor — empress
master — mistress
Mr. — Mrs.
god — goddess

5. दो शब्दों के Compound-words के Feminine बनाने के लिए कुछ में प्रारम्भ का तथा कुछ में अन्तिम शब्द का Feminine बनाना हैं |

Masculine Gender — Feminine Gender

man — servant
maid — servant
grandfather — grandmother
land-lord — land-lady
peacock — peahen

Practice Exercise 1.

Choose the correct gender for the underlined word:

Question 1.
I paid the man and brought it back.
(a) boy
(b) girl
(c) woman
(d) wife
Answer:
(c) woman

Question 2.
No wives become widows.
(a) widowers
(b) husbands
(c) woman
(d) lady
Answer:
(a) widowers

Question 3.
A lonely lady, he told me.
(a) ladies
(b) gentleman
(c) papa
(d) queen
Answer:
(b) gentleman

Question 4.
His wife woke him up at 6 a.m.
(a) husband
(b) man
(c) master
(d) uncle
Answer:
(a) husband

Question 5.
Ignesious was the manager of a Cooperative Society.
(a) lady
(b) manageress
(c) woman
(d) female
Answer:
(b) manageress

Question 6.
Dogs refused to go outdoors.
(a) witches
(b) bitches
(c) mare
(d) vixen
Answer:
(b) bitches

Question 7.
Your only brother died insane.
(a) sister
(b) friend
(c) son
(d) mother
Answer:
(a) sister

Question 8.
Chuni Babu, sir says its very important.
(a) king
(b) son
(c) madam
(d) lady
Answer:
(c) madam

Question 9.
Sword in hand the king came in his chariot
(a) lady
(b) public
(c) queen
(d) sir
Answer:
(c) queen

Question 10.
Son, I can’t say ‘No’ to you.
(a) brother
(b) daughter
(c) friend
(d) boy
Answer:
(b) daughter

Practice Exercise 2.

Write the opposite Gender of each of the words given in the brackets :

1. Piyush spent his time herding his…………..goats. (mothers)
2. The young………..got the basket and the letter. (gentleman)
3. The servant took the basket to his master’s (son)
4. Her……………came late. (wife)
5. One night the………… dressed like an ordinary man. (queen)
6. A………….who was in a hurry stumbled against it. (woman)
7. He reported the matter to the…………..of that village (head-woman)
8. I like you very much. (Uncle)
9. Rashi will come here with her …. (brother)
10. A…………….laid an egg everyday. (cock)
11. To honour Dhyan Chand the Government issued a postage stamp in……….name. (her)
12. There is a famous temple of……….. Mata. (god)
13. Rana Kumbha would never go back on………… words.(her)
14. Look, there comes the………….(headmaster)
15. I saw…………….Gupta with her husband. (Mr)
16. His. …………….is a Headmaster. (mother)
Answers:
1. father’s
2. lady
3. daughter
4. husband
5. king
6. man
7. headman
8. Aunt
9. sister
10. hen
11. his
12. goddess
13. his
14. headmistress
15. Mrs.
16. father.

2 Vocabulary Gender