Chapter 11 The Proposal

Textbook Questions and Answers

Thinking about the Play 
  
Question 1. 
What does Chubukov at first suspect that Lomov has come for? Is he sincere when he later says “And I’ve always loved you, my angel, as if you were my own son”? Find reasons for your answer from the play. 
चुबुकोव पहले क्या सन्देह करता है कि लोमोव किस बात के लिये आया है? क्या वह निष्कपट है जब बाद में वह कहता है, “और मैंने तुम्हें हमेशा प्रेम किया है, मेरे देवदूत, ऐसे जैसे कि तुम मेरे अपने पुत्र हो।” अपने उत्तर के लिए नाटक से कारण खोजिए। 
Answer: 
Chubukov at first suspects that Lomov has come for borrowing money from him. 
No, he is not sincere when he later says that he has always loved him as his own son. 
He treats Lomov rudely, even harshly on small matters such as ownership of worthless oxen meadows or superiority of the dogs. He abuses him, curses him, calls him double faced intriguer, villain, scarecrow, blind hen, turnip ghost and so on. 

चुबुकोव पहले सन्देह करता है कि लोमोव उधार लेने के लिए उसके पास आया है। नहीं, वह निष्कपट नहीं है जब वह बाद में यह कहता है कि उसने तो हमेशा उसे अपने पुत्र जैसे प्रेम किया है। वह लोमोव के साथ, छोटी-छोटी बातों जैसे कि बेकार पड़े बैल चरागाहों के स्वामित्व या कुत्तों के अधिक अच्छा होने के बारे में, अशिष्ट व यहाँ तक कि क्रूर व्यवहार करता है। वह उसे गाली देता है, अभिशापित करता है, उसे दो-चेहरों वाला षड्यन्त्रकारी कहता है, विलेन (बदमाश) कहता है, डरपोक कहता है, अन्धी मुर्गी कहता है, शलगमी भूत कहता है आदि। 

Question 2. 
Chubukov says of Natalya : “…as if she won’t consent! She’s in love; egad, she’s like a lovesick cat….” Would you agree? Find reasons for your answer. 
चुबुकोव, नतालया के बारे में कहता है : “……जैसे कि वह सहमति नहीं देगी! उसे प्यार हो गया है; हे प्रभु, वह एक प्रेम-ग्रसित बिल्ली के जैसे है…..” क्या आप सहमत होंगे? अपने उत्तर के लिए कारण खोजिए। 
Answer: 
I would agree that she is in love. She is a love-sick cat. The following reasons from the play support it. 
She is happy to see and receive Lomov. 
When Lomov goes away and Natalya learns that he came here to propose her, she asks her father to bring him back. 
When Lomov is unconscious, she hysterically repeats, “A doctor! A doctor! He’s dead.” This reflects her love for Lomov. 

मैं सहमत रहूँगा कि उसे प्रेम है। वह एक प्रेमग्रसित बिल्ली है। नाटक के निम्न कारण इसका समर्थन करते हैं। 
वह लोमोव से मिलकर व अभिवादन कर प्रसन्न है। 
जब लोमोव चला जाता है और नतालया यह जानती है कि वह उसे विवाह प्रस्ताव रखने आया था तो वह अपने पिता से उसे वापस लाने को कहती है। 
जब लोमोन बेहोश होता है, तो वह चीखते हुए कहती है, “एक डॉक्टर! एक डॉक्टर! वह मर गया है!” यह लोमोव के प्रति उसके प्रेम को दिखाता है। 

Question 3. 
(i) Find all the words and expressions in the play that the characaters use to speak about each other, and the accusations and insults they hurl at each other. (For example, Lomov in the end calls Chubukov an intriguer; but earlier. Chubukov has himself called Lomov a “malicious, double-faced intriguer.” Again, Lomov begins by describing Natalya as “an excellent housekeeper, not bad looking, well-educated.”) 
नाटक में उन सब शब्दों और कथनों को ढूँढ़ो जो पात्रों ने एक-दूसरे के लिए कहे हैं। (उदाहरण के लिए लोमोव चुबुकोव को अन्त में एक षड्यन्त्रकारी कहता है परन्तु पहले चुबुकोव ने स्वयं लोमोव को ‘ईर्ष्यालु, दोहरे चेहरे वाला षड्यन्त्रकरी’ कहा था। और लोमोव नतालया का वर्णन एक बहुत अच्छी गृहिणी “जो देखने में बुरी नहीं और पढ़ी-लिखी भी है” से आरम्भ करता है।) 
Answer: 
(1) Lomov for Natalya – an excellent housekeeper, not bad-looking, well educated. 
(2) Natalya to Lomov – Impudent (giving as gift her own land), a rascal, Monster (first takes our land then has the impudence to abuse us), what sort of a hunter are you? You ought to go and lie on the kitchen oven and catch black beetles and not go after foxes; those hunters argue the most who know the least etc. 
(3) Lomov to Chubukov – not a neighbour but a grabber, old rat, intriguer. 
(4) Chubukov to Lomov – Pettifogger, villain, scarecrow, blind hen, turnip ghost, stuffed sausage, malicious, double-faced intriguer, fool, sick, you’re under the slipper of your housekeeper etc. 

(1) लोमोव, नतालया के लिए एक बहुत अच्छी गृहिणी जो देखने में बुरी नहीं है और पढ़ी-लिखी भी है। 
(2) नतालया, लोमोव से-गुस्ताख (उसकी अपनी भूमि को उपहार के रूप में दे रहा है), एक बदमाश, राक्षस (पहले हमारी जमीन लेता है फिर हमें गाली देने की गुस्ताखी करता है) किस प्रकार के तुम शिकारी हो? तुम्हें तो जाकर रसोई के ओवन में लेट जाना चाहिए और काले भुंग को पकड़ना चाहिए, न कि 
लोमड़ियों का पीछा किया जाए; वे शिकारी अधिक बहस करते हैं जो अति न्यून ज्ञान रखते हैं, आदि। 
(3) लोमोव, चुबुकोव से-एक पड़ोसी नहीं बल्कि एक हथियाने वाला, बूढ़ा चूहा, षड्यन्त्रकारी। 
(4) चुबुकोव, लोमोव से-चालबाज, बदमाश, डरपोक, अन्धी मुर्गी, शलगमी भूत, कीमा भरा लम्बा गोल डिब्बा, दुर्भावनापूर्ण, दो चेहरे वाला षड्यन्त्रकारी, मूर्ख, बीमार, अपनी नौकरानी की जूती के नीचे रहने वाला, आदि। 

(ii) Then think of five adjectives or adjectival expressions of your own to describe each character in the play. 
फिर अपने पाँच विशेषण या विशेष्य अभिव्यक्तियाँ सोचो जो नाटक के पात्रों का वर्णन करें। 
Answer: 
(1) Lomov – Weak hearted bachelor, nervous, short-tempered, quarrelsome, rigid. 
(2) Natalya – Excellent house-keeper, good looking, well-educated, sharp tongued, short tempered, rigid, touchy and sensitive. 
(3) Chubukov-Old, quarrelsome, uses funny abusive language (turnip ghost, stuffed sausage), concerned father. 

(1) लोमोव-  कमजोर दिल वाला कुँवारा, विकल, गुस्सालू, झगड़ालू, कठोर। 
(2) नतालया-अच्छी गृहिणी, सुन्दर, सुशिक्षित, वाचाल, गुस्सालू, कठोर, भावुक, संवेदनशील। 
(3) चुबुकोव-वृद्ध, झगड़ालू, हास्यास्पद गाली-गलौज वाली भाषा प्रयोग करने वाला (शलगमी भूत, कीमा भरा लम्बा गोल डिब्बा), चिन्तित पिता। 

(iii) Can you now imagine what these characters will quarrel about next? 
क्या आप कल्पना कर सकते हैं कि ये पात्र अब आगे किस बात पर झगड़ेंगे? 
Answer: 
Now I can try to imagine that these characters will quarrel next about the quality of champagne. 
अब मैं कल्पना करने का प्रयास कर सकता हूँ कि ये पात्र आगे शैम्पेन की क्वालिटी के बारे में झगड़ा करेंगे। 

Thinking about Language 

I. 

Question 1.
This play has been translated into English from the Russian original. Are there any expressions or ways of speaking that strike you as more Russian than English? For example, would an adult man be addressed by an older man as my darling or my treasure in an English play? 
यह नाटक मूल रूसी भाषा से अंग्रेजी में अनूदित किया गया है। क्या ऐसी अभिव्यक्तियाँ या वाक् शैली हैं जिनमें आपको अंग्रेजीपन कम व रूसीपन अधिक लगे। उदाहरण के लिए, क्या एक वयस्क व्यक्ति को एक प्रौढ़ व्यक्ति ‘माई डार्लिंग’ या ‘माई ट्रेशर’ कहकर अंग्रेजी के किसी नाटक में सम्बोधित करता है? 

Read through the play carefully, and find expressions that you think are not used in contemporary English, and contrast these with idiomatic modern English expressions that also occur in the play. 
नाटक को विस्तार से पढ़ें और ऐसी अभिव्यक्तियों को खोजें जो आप समझते हैं कि समकालीन अंग्रेजी में प्रयोग नहीं की जाती हैं, और इनकी आधुनिक अंग्रेजी अभिव्यक्तियाँ दें जो नाटक में प्रयुक्त हुई हैं। 
Answer: 

Expressions not used in contemporary English

Idiomatic Modern English Expressions

1. my darling
2. my treasure
3. and all that sort

1. my dear fellow
2. my precious
3. and so on


Question 2.
Look up the following words in a dictionary and find out how to pronounce them. Pay attention to how many syllables there are in each word, and find out which syllable is stressed, or said more forcefully. 
निम्न शब्दों को एक शब्दकोश में देखें और खोजें कि इनका उच्चारण कैसे किया जाता है। ध्यान दें कि प्रत्येक शब्द में कितने syllables (स्वर) हैं, और पता करें कि कौनसे स्वर पर बलाघात है या अधिक ऊँची आवाज में बोला जाता है। palpitations 
RBSE Solutions for Class 10 English First Flight Chapter 11 The Proposal 1
Answer:

Question 3.
Look up the following phrases in a dictionary to find out their meaning, and then use each in a sentence of your own. 
निम्न पदबन्धों को शब्दकोश में उनका अर्थ खोजने के लिए देखिए और फिर प्रत्येक पर अपना वाक्य बनाइए। 
(i) You may take it that 
(ii) He seems to be coming round 
(iii) My foot’s gone to sleep 
Answer: 
(i) You may take it that : (accept it) – You may take it that the world is perishable. 
(ii) He seems to be coming round : (regaining consciousness) – Oh, God! this unconscious soldier seems to be coming round. 
(iii) My foot’s gone to sleep : (insensitiveness of foot) – As I am sitting in one posture so my foot’s gone to sleep. 

II. Reported Speech 

Reported Speech का वाक्य दो भाग से बनता है : पहला reporting clause जिसमें reporting verb होती है व दूसरा reported clause होता है। निम्न वाक्यों को ध्यानपूर्वक देखें : 
(a) “I went to visit my grandma last week.” said Mamta. 
(b) Mamta said that she had gone to visit her grandma the previous week. 
वाक्य (a) में हमारे पास ममता के यथार्थ शब्द हैं। यह direct speech का उदाहरण है। वाक्य 
(b) में ममता के कथन को कोई अन्य सूचित कर रहा है। यह Indirect Speech या Reported Speech कहलाता है। Reported Speech का वाक्य दो भागों से बना होता है-एक Reporting Clause व एक Reported Clause से।  

वाक्य (b) में ‘Mamta said’ एक Reporting Clause है जिसमें Reporting Verb, ‘said’ है। दूसरा Clause-that she had gone to visit her grandma the previous week’-Reported Clause है। देखें कि वाक्य (b) में इस reporting clause को पहले रखते हैं। यह, यह दिखाने को है कि हम सीधे तौर पर नहीं बोल रहे हैं बल्कि किसी अन्य के शब्दों को सूचित कर रहे हैं। Verb (क्रिया) का tense भी बदल जाता है : Past Tense (went), past perfect tense (had gone) बन जाता है। 
यहाँ वाक्यों के कुछ जोड़े direct speech व reported speech में हैं। उन्हें ध्यान से पढ़ें, और फिर आगे आने वाले task को करें। 

1. (i) LOMOV : Honoured Stepan Stepanovitch, do you think I may count on her consent ? (Direct Speech) 
(ii) Lomov asked Stepan Stepanovitch respectfully if he thought he might count on her consent. (Reported Speech) 

2. (i) LOMOV : I’m getting a noise in my ears from excitement. (Direct Speech)
(ii) Lomov said that he was getting a noise in his ears from excitement. (Reported Speech) 

3. (i) NATALYA : Why haven’t you been here for such a long time ? (Direct Speech) 
(ii) Natalya Stepanovna asked why he hadn’t been there for such a long time. (Reported Speech) 

4. (i) .CHUBUKOV : What’s the matter ? (Direct Speech) 
(ii) Chubukov asked him what the matter was. (Reported Speech) 

5. (i) “NATALYA : My mowers will be there this very day! (Direct Speech) 
(ii) Natalya Stepanovna declared that her mowers would be there that very day. (Reported Speech) 

You must have noticed that when we report someone’s exact words, we have to make some changes in the sentence structure. In the following sentences fill in the blanks to list the changes that have occurred in the above pairs of sentences. One has been done for you. 
आपने अवश्य देख लिया होगा कि जब हम किसी के यथार्थ शब्द बोलते हैं तो हमें वाक्य संरचना में कुछ परिवर्तन करने होते हैं। निम्न वाक्यों में रिक्त स्थानों की पूर्ति उन परिवर्तनों को दर्शाने के लिए करें जो उपर्युक्त वाक्यों के जोड़ों में हुए हैं। एक आपके लिए किया गया है। 

1. To report a question, we use the reporting verb …………….(as in Sentence Set 1). 
2. To report a declaration, we use the reporting verb…….. 
3. The adverb of place here changes to ……. 
4. When the verb in direct speech is in the present tense, the verb in reported speech is in the ……….tense (as in Sentence Set 3). 
5. If the verb in direct speech is in the present continuous tense, the verb in reported speech changes to ……………… tense. 
For example, …………… changes to was getting 
6. When the sentence in direct speech contains a word denoting respect, we add the adverb…………… in the reporting clause (as in Sentence Set 1). 
7. The pronouns I, me, our and mine, which are used in the first person in direct speech, change to third person pronouns such as … 
or …………… in reported speech. 
Answer: 
1. asked 
2. declared 
3. there 
4. past 
5. past continuous, is getting 
6. respectfully 
7. he/she, him/her, their, his/her: 

III. Here is an excerpt from an article from the Times of India dated 27 August 2006. Rewrite it, changing the sentences in direct speech into reported speech. Leave the other sentences unchanged. 

यहाँ एक उद्धरण 27 अगस्त 2006 के Times of India के एक लेख से लिया गया है। इसके direct speech के वाक्यों को indirect speech में बदलते हुए पुनः लिखें। अन्य वाक्यों को न बदलें।
“Why do you want to know my age ? If people know I am so old. I won’t get work !” laughs 90-year-old AK. Hangal, one of Hindi cinema’s most famous character actors. For his age, he is rather energetic. “What’s the secret?” we ask. “My intake of everything is in small quantities. And I walk a lot,” he replies. “I joined the industry when people retire.

I was in my 40s. So I don’t miss being called a star. I am still respected and given work, when actors of my age are living in poverty and without work. I don’t have any complaints,” he says, adding, “but yes, I have always been underpaid.” Recipient of the Padma Bhushan, Hangal never hankered after money or materialistic gains. “No doubt I am content today, but money is important. I was a fool not to understand the value of money earlier,” he regrets. 

Answer: Someone asked, 90-year old A.K. Hangal, one of Hindi cinema’s most famous character actors, about his age. He laughed and replied why he wanted to know about his age. He added if people knew he was so old, he wouldn’t get work. For his age he is rather energetic. When we asked him what the secret was, he replied that this intake of everything was in small quantities and that he walked a lot. He added that he had joined the industry when people retired. He was in his 40s.

So he didn’t miss being called a star. He was still ‘respected and given work when actors of his age were living in poverty without work. He hadn’t had any complaints. He further added with regret and said that he had always been underpaid. Recipient of the Padma Bhushan, Hangal never hankered after money or materialistic gains. He regretted that no doubt he was content that day, but money is important. He was a fool not to understand the value of money before that.

Speaking and Writing 

Question 1. 
Anger Management : As adults, one important thing to learn is how to manage our temper. Some of us tend to get angry quickly, while others remain calm. Can you think of three ill effects that result from anger ? Note them down. Suggest ways to avoid losing your temper in such situations. Are there any benefits from anger ? 
क्रोध प्रबंध : वयस्क के रूप में महत्त्वपूर्ण बात जो सीखनी है वह है मिजाज को नियंत्रित रखना। हम में से कुछ तुरंत क्रोधित हो जाते हैं जबकि कुछ अन्य बड़े शांत रहते हैं। क्या आप तीन बुरे प्रभावों को सोच सकते हैं जो क्रोध का परिणाम होते हैं? उनको लिखें। ऐसी परिस्थितियों में अपना मिजाज नहीं खोने के तरीके सुझाइए। क्या क्रोध से कोई लाभ है? 
Answer: 
The three ill effects of anger are : 
(i) Health hazard : high blood pressure, heart trouble etc. 
(ii) Loss of relations : relations are spoiled or broken.
(iii) Loss of peace of mind : peace of mind is disturbed. 
Ways to avoid losing temper : 
(i) go away from that situation. 
(ii) take some water. 
(iii) don’t retaliate. No, there is no benefit from anger. 

Question 2. 
In pairs, prepare a script based on the given excerpt from The Home and the World by Rabindranath Tagore. You may write five exchanges between the characters with other directions such as movements on stage and way of speaking etc. 
जोड़ो में एक स्क्रिप्ट तैयार कीजिए जो रविन्द्रनाय टैगोर की The Home and the World Frie गए निम्न उद्धरण के आधार पर हो। आप पात्रों के बीच पाँच आदान-प्रदान लिखें, साथ में अन्य निर्देश भी हों जैसे मंच पर हलचल और बोलने की शैली आदि।
 
One afternoon, when I happened to be specially busy, word came to my office room that Bimala had sent for me. I was startled. 
“Who did you say had sent for me?” I asked the messenger. “The Rani Mother” “The Bara Rani ?” “No, sir, the Chota Rani Mother.” 
The Chota Rani! It seemed a century since I had been sent for by her. I kept them all waiting there, and went off into the inner apartments. When I stepped into our room I had another shock of surprise to find Bimala there with a distinct suggestion of being dressed up. The room, which from persistent neglect, had latterly acquired an air of having grown absent-minded, had regained something of its old order this afternoon. I stood there silently, looking enquiringly at Bimala. 

She flushed a little and the fingers of her right hand toyed for a time with the bangles on her left arm. Then she abruptly broke the silence. “Look here ! Is it right that ours should be only market in all Bengal which allows foreign goods ?” 
“What, then, would be the right thing to do ?” I asked. “Order them to be cleared out !” “But the goods are not mine.” “Is not the market yours?” “It is much more theirs who use it for trade.” “Let them trade in Indian goods, then.” “Nothing would please me better. But suppose they do not?” “Nonsense! How dare they be so insolent ? Are you not…” 

“I am very busy this afternoon and cannot stop to argue it out. But I must refuse to tyrannise.” 
“It would not be tyranny for selfish gain, but for the sake of the country.” 
“To tyrannise for the country is to tyrannise over the country. But that I am afraid you will never understand.” With this I came away. 
Answer: 
Characters : 
1. Tagore : A busy writer 
2. Bimala : His wife also called Choti Rani 
3. A messenger 
4. 2 men-Tagore’s visitors 
Time : afternoon 
Locale : House of Tagore—the outer room is used as his office. Setting…… 
[The interior of Tagore’s office. He’s sitting on his big chair, two visitors sitting on chairs in front of him. There are two doors in the room-one opens on the outside – other on left wall near corner opens in the interior of the house. 
Tagore is busy discussing some matter with the visitors. His writing pad, pen in front of him.] 
[Enter messenger] 
Messenger : (to Tagore) Sir, Rani Mother has sent for you. 
Tagore : Who did you say has sent for me ? 
Messenger : The Rani Mother. 
Tagore : The Bari Rani ? 
Messenger : No, sir, the Choti Rani Mother. 
Tagore : Right. I’m coming. 
Bimala : Get ready, wre’re to go for shopping. 
Tagore : Foreign goods or Indian ones ? 
Bimala : Only Indian goods. 
Tagore : Indeed ! a patriot. (Leave to shop Indian goods) 
[EXIT] 

Question 3. 
In groups, discuss the qualities one should look for in a marriage partner. You might consider the following points : 
समूहों में उन गुणों पर चर्चा करें जो एक व्यक्ति अपने वैवाहिक साझेदार में तलाश करेगा। आप निम्न बिन्दुओं को सम्मिलित कर सकते हैं…- 

Personal qualities

Value system 

Education and professional background 
Answer: 
My Marriage Partner My marriage partner should have personal qualities such as good looks, scientific temper and a good sense of humour. She should value the value system such as respect to the elders, compassion for every creature, tolerance of all types, ambition to move up and wealth for positiveness. She should have a good educational and professional background. 

Question 4. 
Are there parts of the play that remind you of film scenes from romantic comedies ? Discuss this in groups and recount to the rest of the class episodes similar to those in the play. 
क्या नाटक के ऐसे भाग हैं जो आपको उन फिल्मी दृश्यों की याद दिलाते हैं जो रोमांटिक सुखान्तिका से हैं? इस पर समूह में चर्चा करें और नाटक में आए उन समान ऐपिसोड्स (भाग) को कक्षा के सामने पुनः प्रस्तुत करें। 
Answer: 
Some of such scenes are : 
(i) Lomov dressed up feeling nervous before proposing to Natalya. 
(ii) Natalya becomes hysteric when comes to know that Lomov had come to propose her wants father to fetch him back. 
(iii) Natalya again becomes hysteric when Lomov becomes unconscious keeps on repeating ‘A doctor ! A doctor ! He’s dead ! What have you done to me? etc. 

Important Questions and Answers

Question 1. 
How is the entry of Lomov in the drama? 
नाटक में लोमोव का प्रवेश किस प्रकार का होता है? । 
Answer: 
Lomov enters in the drawing room of Chubukov. He is wearing a dress jacket and white gloves. 
लोमोव चुबुकोव के घर के ड्राइंग रूम में प्रवेश करता है। उसने एक ड्रेस जैकेट और सफेद रंग के दस्ताने पहन रखे हैं। 

Question 2. 
What did Chubukov ask Lomov about? 
चुबुकोव लोमोव से किस बारे में पूछता है? 
Answer: 
Chbukov asked Lomov about the formal get up. He also greets him. 
चुबुकोव लोमोव से उसके औपचारिक बाह्य साज-सज्जा के बारे में पूछता है। वह उसका अभिवादन भी करता है। 

Question 3. 
Why did Lomov want to marry immediately? लोमोव शीघ्र ही विवाह क्यों करना चाहता है? . 
Answer:
Lomov wanted to marry immediately because he was getting older day by day. He has already attained thirty five years. 
लोमोव शीघ्र ही विवाह करना चाहता है क्योंकि वह प्रतिदिन बड़ा होता जा रहा है। उसने पहले से ही पैंतीस वर्ष की उम्र प्राप्त कर ली है। 

Question 4. 
Why was it necessary for Lomov to marry soon? 
लोमोव के लिए शीघ्र ही विवाह करना क्यों आवश्यक है? 
Answer:
It was necessary for Lomov to marry because he wanted to live a quiet and regular life because he suffered from palpitations. He is excitable and gets awfully upset. 
लोमोव के लिए विवाह करना आवश्यक था क्योंकि वह एक शान्त एवं नियमित जीवन जीना चाहता था। वह तीव्र हृदय गति से पीड़ित था। वह उत्तेजक है और बुरी तरह से परेशान हो जाता है। 

Question 5. 
Why did Lomov jump during his sleep? 
लोमोव अपनी नींद के दौरान क्यों उछलता था? 
Answer: 
Lomov was suffering from a kind of strain in his left side. The pain reaches to his shoulder and head. He jumped due to that disease. 
लोमोव अपने बाईं ओर एक विशेष प्रकार के खिंचाव से परेशान था। यह दर्द उसके कंधे और सिर तक पहुँच जाता था। वह उस बीमारी के कारण उछलता था। 

Question 6. 
What is special about Lomov’s sleep? लोमोव की नींद के बारे में विशेष क्या है? 
Answer: 
Lomov gets into his bed and sleeps at the same time. He suddenly gets up like a lunatic due of pain. 
लोमोव बिस्तर में जाता है और उसी समय सो जाता है। वह अचानक एक पागल की तरह से उठ जाता है क्योंकि उसको दर्द होता है। 

Question 7. 
What did Lomov say about the disputed Land?
लोमोव विवादित जमीन के बारे में क्या कहता था? 
Answer: 
Lomov told the land belonged to his aunt’s grandmother. She gave the land to the peasants of Natalya’s father’s grandfather for free use. 
लोमोव ने कहा कि वह जमीन उसकी चाची की दादी की थी। उसने जमीन को नतालया के पिता के दादा को मुफ्त में प्रयोग के लिए दी थी। . 

Question 8. 
What was the compromise between the peasants of Natalya’s grand father and his aunt’s grandmother about the land? 
जमीन के बारे में नतालया के दादा के किसानों और उसकी चाची की दादी के मध्य क्या समझौता हुआ था? 
Answer:
His aunt’s grandmother wanted bricks for her own use. They used the land for forty years. They regarded the land as their own. 
उसकी चाची की दादी को अपने स्वयं के प्रयोग के लिए ईंटें चाहिए थीं। उन्होंने जमीन का 40 वर्ष तक उपयोग किया था। वे उस जमीन को अपनी स्वयं की जमीन मानने लगे थे। 

Question 9. 
What did Natalya say about the disputed land? 
नतालया विवादित जमीन के बारे में क्या कहती थी? 
Answer: 
Natalya said that their land extended to Burnt Marsh which includes oxen meadows. So there wasn’t any need to argue about it. 
नतालया यह कहती थी कि उनकी जमीन ‘बर्ट मार्श’ तक फैली थी जिसमें बैलों का चरागाह भी शामिल था। अतः इसके बारे में बहस करने की कोई आवश्यकता नहीं थी।

Question 10.
How were Chubukov prove themselves as good neighbor to Lomov? 
चुबुकोव ने अपने आपको लोमोव का अच्छा पड़ोसी कैसे साबित किया? 
Answer: 
Chubukov lent their threshing machine to Lomov. They had to put off their threshing till November. In this way they proved themselves as good neighbours. 
चुबुकोव परिवार ने लोमोव को अपनी अनाज निकालने की मशीन उधार दी थी। उनको अपना अनाज निकालना नवम्बर तक निरस्त करना पड़ा था। इस तरह से उन्होंने अपने आपको एक अच्छा पड़ोसी साबित किया था। 

Question 11.
What was Lomov’s attitudes towards Chubukov? 
लोमोव का चुबुकोव के प्रति किस प्रकार का दृष्टिकोण था? 
Answer: 
Lomov was considering Chubukovs very light. He was behaving as if they were gypsies. His attitude was not upto remark towards Chubukov. 
लोमोव ने चुबुकोव परिवार को बहुत हल्के में लिया था। वह उनसे जिप्सी की भाँति व्यवहार कर रहा था। उसका चुबुकोव के प्रति व्यवहार उपयुक्त नहीं था। 

Question 12. 
What accusations were levelled against Lomov and his family by Chubukov? 
चुबुकोव के द्वारा लोमोव व उसके परिवार के विरुद्ध क्या आरोप लगाए गए थे? 
Answer: 
Chubukov considered Lomov low. He called Lomov’s father a guzzling gambler, grandfather a drunkard and his aunt an cloger. 
चुबुकोव लोमोव को निम्न मानता था। उसने लोमोव के पिता को आदतन जुआरी, दादा को शराबी और उसकी चाची को भगौड़ी कहा था। 

Question 13. 
What was Chubukov’s opinion about Lomov? 
चुबुकोव की लोमोव के बारे में क्या राय थी? 
Answer: 
Chubukov called Lomov petti fogger, a malicious, double faced, intriguer, rascal, villain, scarecrow, monster, blind hen, turnip ghost, stuffed sausage and wizen-faced frump. He considered him very low. 
चुबुकोव लोमोव को चालबाज, एक ईर्ष्यालु, दोहरे चेहरे वाला, षड्यंत्रकारी, बेईमान, खलनायक, बिजूखा (खेत में लगाये जाने वाला आदमी का पुतला), राक्षस, अन्धी मुर्गी, शलगमी भूत, लंगोचा (पतली शक्ल का गोश्त) और मुझए चेहरे वाली विकर्षक महिला जैसा फूहड़ कहता था। वह उसे निम्न मानता था। 

Question 14. 
Why did Natalya say Lomov as demon of contradiction? 
नतालया ने लोमोव को विरोधाभास का राक्षस क्यों कहा था? । 
Answer: 
Natalya said that on that day Lomov was a demon of contradiction. He first contradicted the ownership of the oxen meadows and then said that his dog, ‘guess’ was better than her dog ‘squeezer’. 
नतालया ने कहा कि उस दिन लोमोव विरोधाभास का राक्षस था। पहले उसने चरागाह के स्वामित्व पर विरोध किया फिर कहा कि उसका कुत्ता गैस नतालया के कुत्ते स्क्वीजर से बेहतर था। 

Question 15. 
What does Chubukov say about Lomov’s dog’s good points and defects? 
चुबुकोव लोमोव के कुत्ते के अच्छे बिन्दु व दोष क्या बताता है? 
Answer:
Chubukov says that Lomov’s dog is of pure breed, firm on his feet and has well sprung ribs. His defects are that he is old and his muzzle is short. 
चुबुकोव कहता है कि लोमोव का कुत्ता शुद्ध वंश का है, अपने पैरों से मजबूत है और अच्छी लोचशील पसलियाँ हैं। उसका दोष यह है कि वह वृद्ध है और उसका थूथन छोटा है।। 

Question 16. 
How do Natalya and Chubukov criticize Lomov, the hunter? 
नतालया व चुबुकोव शिकारी लोमोव की आलोचना क्यों करते हैं? 
Answer:
Natalya criticises that what sort of hunter Lomov was. He ought to go and lie on the kitchen oven and catch black bettles. Chubukov also says that he is not a good hunter. 
नतालया आलोचना कर यह कहती है कि लोमोव कैसा शिकारी था। उसे रसोई में ओवन पर जाकर बैठ जाना चाहिए और काले भौंरे पकड़ने चाहिए। चुबुकोव कहता है कि वह एक अच्छा शिकारी नहीं है। 

Question 17. 
Why does Natalya ask her father to call Lomov back? 
नतालया अपने पिता को लोमोव को वापस बुलाने के लिए क्यों कहती है? 
Answer: 
Natalya’s father reveals the fact to her that Lomov has come to propose her. So she asks her father to call back Lomov. 
नतालया के पिता उसके सामने यह तथ्य प्रकट करते हैं कि वह उसके विवाह का प्रस्ताव लेकर आया था। इसलिए वह अपने पिता को लोमोव को वापस बुलाने के लिए कहती है। 

Question 18. 
Write about the character of Lomov. 
लोमोव के चरित्र के बारे में लिखिए। 
Answer: 
Lomov is 35 years, tall but has weak heart and suffers from sleep sickness. He is more truthful than Natalya or her father. 
लोमोव 35 वर्ष का है, लम्बा है परन्तु कमजोर हृदय का और नींद की बीमारी से ग्रस्त है। वह नतालया और उसके पिता से ज्यादा सत्यवादी है। 
 
Question 19. 
Write about the character of Natalya. 
नतालया के चरित्र के बारे में लिखिए। 
Answer: 
Natalya is 25 years, daughter of Chubukov, educated and good house keeper. She is greedy, short sighted, short tempered and secretly loves Lomov. 
नतालया 25 वर्ष की है, चुबुकोव की बेटी है, शिक्षित और घर की अच्छी देखभाल करने वाली है वह लालची, अदूरदर्शी, गुस्सैल और मन ही मन लोमोव से प्रेम करने वाली है।। 

Question 20. 
What was the cause of dispute between Lomov and Chubukov? 
लोमोव व चुबुकोव के परिवार के मध्य विवाद का क्या कारण था? 
Answer: 
The cause of dispute between them is ‘oxen meadows’. Lomov claimed that it was his aunt’s grandfather and Chubukov claims that their land was upto ‘Burnt Marsh’. 
उनके मध्य विवाद का कारण ‘ऑक्सन मेडऊज’ था। लोमोव दावा करता था कि यह उसकी चाची की दादी का था और चुबुकोव कहते थे कि उनकी जमीन ‘बर्ट मार्श’ तक फैली थी। 

Question 21. 
How did Lomov and Natalya get married? 
लोमोव और नतालया का विवाह कैसे हुआ? 
Answer:
 Lomov, Natalya and Chubukov were fighting over the superiority of their own dog. Lomov fell unconscious then. Chubukov thought that he missed the chance. When Lomov get conscious he asked him to marry Natalya. 
लोमोव, नतालया और चुबुकोव अपने कुत्ते की श्रेष्ठता पर झगड़ रहे थे। तभी लोमोव बेहोश हो गया। चुबुकोव ने सोचा कि उसने मौका खो दिया। लोमोव के होश में आने पर उसने उसे नतालया से विवाह करने को कहा था। 

Question 22. 
What do you think about the title of the play ‘Proposal’? 
आप ‘प्रस्ताव’ नामक नाटक के शीर्षक के बारे में क्या सोचते हैं? 
Answer: 
Lomov wants to marry Natalya. She comes to know about it by her father. She accepts the proposal. Thus the title is appropriate. 
लोमोव नतालया से विवाह करना चाहता है। उसे इसके बारे में अपने पिता से पता चलता है। वह प्रस्ताव स्वीकार कर लेती है। इस प्रकार से शीर्षक उपयुक्त है। 

Question 23. 
Why does Natalya decide to send her mowers to oxen meadows?
नतालया अपने घास काटने वालों को बैलों के चरागाह में भेजने का निश्चय क्यों करती है? 
Answer: 
When Lomov says that oxen meadows belong to Lomovs. Then Natalya in her anger sends the mowers to oxen meadows. 
जब लोमोव यह कहता है कि बैलों के चरागाह लोमोव परिवार के हैं, तब नतालया गुस्से में अपने घास काटने वालों को वहाँ पर भेजती है। 

Question 24. 
What does Chubukov think when Lomov falls unconscious?
चुबुकोव क्या सोचता है जब लोमोव बेहोश हो जाता है? 
Answer: 
Chubukov thinks that he has missed a chance of engaging his daughter with Lomov. He wants to kill himself with a pistol or knife. 
चुबुकोव सोचता है कि उसने लोमोव से अपनी पुत्री के विवाह का अवसर खो दिया है। वह अपने आपको पिस्तौल या चाकू से मारना चाहता है। 

Question 25. 
What makes one to laugh in this play? 
इस नाटक में हमें किस बात से हँसी आती है? 
Answer: 
When the characters accuse one another and use comic terms. These creates a comic effect and make one to laugh. 
जब पात्र आपस में एक-दूसरे पर आरोप लगाते हैं और हास्यपूर्ण शब्दों का प्रयोग करते हैं । यह नाटक में हास्य के प्रभाव को बनाते हैं और हमें हँसाते हैं। 

Question 26. 
What does Lomov say about Natalya’s dog? 
लोमोव नतालया के कुत्ते के बारे में क्या कहता है? 
Answer: 
Lomov says that squeezer is over shot, bad hunter and not good at running. He also says that 25 roubles would be a handsome price for the dog. 
लोमोव कहता है कि स्कीवजर का नीचे का जबड़ा ऊपर के जबड़े से छोटा है। बुरा शिकारी है व दौड़ने में अच्छा नहीं है। वह यह भी कहता है कि इस कुत्ते के लिए 25 रूबल ही काफी होंगे। 

Question 27. 
Write about the character of Chubukov? 
चुबुकोव के चरित्र के बारे में लिखिए। 
Answer: 
Chubukov is old, foolish and quarrelsome. He quarrels with Lomov when he comes to propose his daughter. He cares his daughter. 
चुबुकोव वृद्ध, मूर्ख व झगड़ालू है। वह लोमोव से झगड़ता है जब वह उसकी बेटी का विवाह का प्रस्ताव लेकर आता है। वह अपनी बेटी की परवाह करता है। 

Question 28. 
How can you say that ‘anger defiates the aim’? 
आप यह कैसे कह सकते हैं कि ‘गुस्सा उद्देश्य को नाकाम कर देता है? 
Answer: 
Chubukov also wanted to marry his daughter to Lomov. When he quarreled with Lomov, he went back and missed the chance. He called Lomov again for that purpose. 
चुबुकोव अपनी बेटी का विवाह लोमोव से करना चाहता था। जब उसने लोमोव से झगड़ा किया तो उसने मौका खों दिया। वह लोमोव को वापस उस उद्देश्य के लिए बुलाता है। 

Question 29. 
Why the cause of dispute rose at the time of proposal? 
प्रस्ताव के समय विवाद का बिन्दु कैसे उत्पन्न हुआ था? . 
Answer: 
They started discussing about the superiority of their dogs “guess” and “squeezer”. This point turned into a heated discussion and caused dispute. 
वे अपने कुत्तों ‘गैस’ और ‘स्कीवजर’ की श्रेष्ठता के बारे में चर्चा कर रहे थे। यह बिन्दु गर्म बहस में बदल गया और झगड़े का कारण बना। 

Question 30. 
What weaknesses Lomov pointed out about Chubukov? 
चुबुकोव परिवार की किन कमजोरियों के बारे में लोमोव ने बताया? . 
Answer: 
Lomov said that Chubukov’s grandfather was tried for embezzlement. His mother was hump backed. These things he told during their dispute. 
लोमोव ने कहा कि चुबुकोव के दादा पर गबन के आरोप में केस चला था। उसकी माँ के कूबड़ था। यह बातें उसने झगड़े के दौरान कही थीं। 

Question 31. 
How can we say that Natalya was in love with Lomov? 
आप यह कैसे कह सकते हैं कि नतालया लोमोव से प्यार करती थी? . 
Answer: 
Natalya says to her father that oxen meadows are of Lomov. She calls him back. She also tells her father to call a doctor when Lomov falls unconscious. Thus she was in love with Lomov. 
नतालया अपने पिता से कहती है कि बैलों के चरागाह लोमोव के ही हैं। वह उसे वापस बुलाती है। वह लोमोव के बेहोश होने पर अपने पिता से चिकित्सक को बुलाने के लिए भी कहती है। अतः वह लोमोव से प्रेम करती थी। 

Question 32. 
What was the first cause of quarrel between Natalya and Lomov? 
नतालया व लोमोव के मध्य प्रथम झगड़े का क्या कारण था? 
Answer: 
There was a dispute of land between Lomov and Chubukovs. Lomov. said it was his aunt’s grandmother. Natalya said it was her grandfather’s and great grandfathers. 
नतालया और लोमोव के मध्य जमीन का विवाद था। लोमोव कहता था कि यह उसकी चाची की दादी की थी। नतालया कहती थी कि यह उसके दादा के परदादा की थी। 

Question 33. 
How does the play end? 
नाटक का अन्त किस प्रकार से होता है? 
Answer: 
The play ends with a happy note. Both Natalya and Lomov married. Chubukov puts Lomov’s hands into Natalya’s. 
नाटक का अन्त आनन्द के साथ होता है। नतालया और लोमोव दोनों का विवाह हो जाता है। चुबुकोव लोमोव के हाथ में नतालया का हाथ दे देता है। 

Comprehension Passages 

Passage 1.

CHUBUKOV : My dear fellow, whom do I see! Ivan Vassilevitch! I am extremely glad! (Squeezes his hand] Now this is a surprise, my darling… How are you?
LOMOV :: Thank you. And how may you be getting on? 
CHUBUKOV : We just get along somehow, my angel, thanks to your prayers, and so on. Sit down, please do… Now, you know, you shouldn’t forget all about your neighbours, my darling. My dear fellow, why are you so formal in your get-up! Evening dress, gloves, and 
so on. Can you be going anywhere, my treasure?
LOMOV : No. I’ve come only to see you, honoured Stepan Stepanovitch.
CHUBUKOV : Then why are you in evening dress, my precious? As if you’re paying a New Year’s Eve visit! 
LOMOV : Well, you see, it’s like this. [Takes his arm] I’ve come to you, honoured Stepan Stepanovitch, to trouble you with a request. Not once or twice have I already had the privilege of applying to you for help, and you have always, so to speak… I must ask your pardon, I am getting excited. I shall drink some water, honoured Stepan Stepanovitch. 

1. Tick (✓) the correct answers : 

Question 1.
(i) What was the surprise for Chubukov? 
(a) When he saw Lomov 
(b) When he fights Lomov 
(c) When Lomov claims 
(d) When Lomov asks for water.
Answer:
(a) When he saw Lomov 

(ii) How was the dress of Lomov? 
(a) Formal dress 
(b) Informal dress 
(c) He was in rags 
(d) He does not have a coat. 
Answer:
(a) Formal dress 

Question 2. 
(i) What did Chubukov ask Lomov when he saw his dress? 
(ii) What did Lomov ask when he was excited? 
Answer:
(i) When he saw his dress Chubukov asked whether he was going anywhere. 
(ii) When Lomov was excited he asked a glass of water to drink. 

Question 3. 
(i) Find out the word from the passage similar in meaning to – respected’. 
(ii) Find out the word from the passage opposite in meaning to – sad’.
Answer: 
(i) Honoured 
(ii) Glad 

Passage 2.

CHUBUKOV : [interrupting] My dear fellow… I’m so glad, and so on… Yes, indeed, and all that sort of thing. [Embraces and kisses Lomov] I’ve been hoping for it for a long time. It’s been my continual desire. [Sheds a tear] And I’ve always loved you, my angel, as if you were my own son. May God give you both — His help and His love and so on, and so much hope… What am I behaving in this idiotic way for? I’m off my balance with joy, absolutely off my balance! Oh, with all my soul… I’ll go and call Natasha, and 
all that. 
LOMOV. : [greatly moved] Honoured Stepan Stepanovitch, do you think I may count on her consent? 
CHUBUKOV : Why, of course, my darling, and… as if she won’t consent! She’s in love; egad, she’s like a lovesick cat, and so on. Shan’t be long! (Exit.) 
LOMOV : It’s cold… I’m trembling all over, just as if I’d got an examination before me. The great thing is, I must have my mind made up. If I give myself time to think, to hesitate, to talk a lot, to look for an ideal, or for real love, then I’ll never get married. 

1. Tick (✓) the correct answers : 

Question 1.
(i) Whom did Chubukov embrace? 
(a) Natasha 
(b) His wife 
(c) Lomov 
(d) Stepan Stepanovitch 
Answer:
(c) Lomov 

(ii) What did Chubukov consider Lomov? 
(a) His neighbour 
(b) His enemy 
(c) As a son 
(d) As a friend 
Answer:
(c) As a son 

Question 2. 
(i) Whom did Chubukov want to call? 
(ii) What was he made up his mind for? 
Answer:
(i) Chubukov wanted to call Natasha 
(ii) He made up his mind for marriage. 

Question 3. 
(i) Find out the word from the passage similar in meaning to ‘foolish”. 
(ii) Find out the word from the passage opposite in meaning to–‘always’. 
Answer: 
(i) idiotic 
(ii) never 

Passage 3. 

Stepanovna is an excellent housekeeper, not bad-looking, well educated. What more do I want? But I’m getting a noise in my ears from excitement. [Drinks] And it’s impossible for me not to marry. In the first place, I’m already 35 – a critical age, so to speak. In the second place, I ought to lead a quiet and regular life. I suffer from palpitations, I’m excitable and always getting awfully upset; at this very moment my lips are trembling, and there’s a twitch in my right 
eyebrow. But the very worst of all is the way I sleep. I no sooner get into bed and begin to go off, when suddenly something in my left side gives a pull, and I can feel it in my shoulder and head… I jump up like a lunatic, walk about a bit and lie down again, but as soon as I begin to get off to sleep there’s another pull! And this may happen twenty 
times… [Natalya Stepanovna comes in.) 
NATALYA : Well, there! It’s you, and papa said, “Go; there’s a merchant come for his goods.” How do you do, Ivan Vassilevitch? 
LOMOV : How do you do, honoured Natalya Stepanovna? 
NATALYA : You must excuse my apron and neglige. We’re shelling peas for drying. Why haven’t you been here for such a long time? Sit down… [They seat themselves.] Won’t you have some lunch? 

1. Tick (✓) the correct answers : 

Question 1. 
(i) What was he suffering from? 
(a) Blood pressure 
(b) Diabetes 
(c) Palpitations 
(d) Cancer 
Answer:
(c) Palpitations 

(ii) What was his age? 
(a) 35 years 
(b) 34 years 
(c) 33 years 
(d) 36 years 
Answer:
(a) 35 years 

Question 2. 
(i) What happens to him in his sleep? 
(ii) Write about Stepanovna? 
Answer:
(i) When he gets into the bed, something in his left pulls. That pain goes upto his shoulder and head. He jumps from bad like a lunatic. 
(ii) Stepanovna is an excellent house keeper, not bad looking and well educated. 

Question 3.
(i) Find out the word from the passage similar in meaning tomad’. 
(ii) Find out the word from the passage opposite in meaning to ‘irregular’. 
Answer: 
(i) lunatic 
(ii) regular 

Passage 4.

LOMOV : No, thank you, I’ve had some already. 
NATALYA : Then smoke. Here are the matches. The weather is splendid now, but yesterday it was so wet that the workmen didn’t do anything all day. How much hay have you stacked? Just think, I felt greedy and had a whole field cut, and now I’m not at all pleased about it because I’m afraid my hay may rot. I ought to have waited a bit. But what’s this? Why, you’re in evening dress! Well, I never! Are you going to a ball or what? Though I must say you look better… Tell me, why are  ..you got up like that? 
LOMOV : [excited] You see, honoured Natalya Stepanovna… the fact is, I’ve made up my mind to ask you to hear me out… Of course you’ll be surprised and perhaps even angry, but a… [aside) It’s awfully cold! 
NATALYA : What’s the matter? (pause] Well? 
LOMOV : I shall try to be brief. You must know, honoured Natalya Stepanovna, 
that I have long, since my childhood, in fact, had the privilege of knowing your family. My late aunt and her husband, from whom, as you know, I inherited my land, always had the greatest respect for your father and your late mother. The Lomovs and the Chubukovs have always had the most friendly, and I might almost say the most affectionate, regard for each other. 

1. Tick (✓) the correct answers : 

Question 1.
(i) Who had not done anything? 
(a) Lomov 
(b) Natalya 
(c) Workmen 
(d) All the above 
Answer:
(c) Workmen 

(ii) How was the weather then? 
(a) Worst 
(b) Splendid 
(c) Rainy 
(d) None of the above 
Answer:
(b) Splendid 

Question 2. 
(i) What did Lomov know from his childhood? 
(ii) What was fear in Natalya’s mind? 
Answer:
(i) Lomov knew from his childhood he had known her family. He inherited the land. 
(ii) Natalya was afraid her hay may rot. 

Question 3. 
(i) Find out the word from the passage similar in meaning to – ‘happy’. 
(ii) Find out the word from the passage opposite in meaning to – ‘dishonour’. 
Answer:
(i) please 
(ii) honour 

Passage 5.

LOMOV : But you can see from the documents, honoured Natalya Stepanovna. Oxen Meadows, it’s true, were once the subject of dispute, but now everybody knows that they are mine. There’s nothing to argue about. You see my aunt’s grandmother gave the free use of these Meadows in perpetuity to the peasants of your father’s grandfather, in return for which they were to make bricks for her. The peasants belonging to your father’s grandfather had the free use of the Meadows for forty years, and had got into the habit of regarding them as their own, the habit of recoen it happened that .
NATALYA : No, it isn’t at all like that! Both grandfather and great-grandfather reckoned that their land extended to Burnt Marsh – which means that Oxen Meadows were ours. I don’t see what there is to argue about. It’s simply silly! 
LOMOV : I’ll show you the documents, Natalya Stepanovna! 
NATALYA : No, you’re simply joking, or making fun of me. What a surprise! We’ve had the land for nearly three hundred years, and then we’re suddenly told that it isn’t ours! Ivan Vassilevitch, I can hardly believe my own ears. These Meadows aren’t worth much to me. They only come to five dessiatins, and are worth perhaps 300 roubles, but I can’t stand unfairness. Say what you will, 

Tick (✓) the correct answers : 

Question 1.
(i) What was the subject of dispute ? 
(a) The land of oxen meadows 
(b) Their property 
(c) The marriage proposal 
(d) The words used by Lomov 
Answer: 
(a) The land of oxen meadows 

(ii) For how long Chubukov was using meadows? 
(a) 39 years 
(b) 40 years 
(c) 44 years 
(d) 45 years 
Answer: 
(b) 40 years 

Question 2.
(i) What did his anut’s grandmother want in return? 
(ii) What did the peasants begin to think about oxen meadows? 
Answer: 
(i) His aunt’s grandmother wanted bricks in return for her. 
(ii) The peasants began to think that oxen meadows belonged to them. 

Question 3. 
(i) Find out the word from the passage similar in meaning to – ‘increased’. 
(ii) Find out the word from the passage opposite in meaning to – fairness’. 
Answer: 
(i) Extended 
(ii) Unfairness 

Passage 6.

NATALYA : Ours! You can go on proving it for two days on end, you can go and put on fifteen dress jackets, but I tell you they’re ours, ours, ours! I don’t want anything of yours and I don’t want to give anything of mine. So there! 
LOMOV : Natalya Stepanovna, I don’t want the Meadows, but I am acting on principle. If you like, I’ll make you a present of them. 
NATALYA : I can make you a present of them myself, because they’re mine! Your behaviour, Ivan Vassilevitch, is strange, to say the least! Up to this we have always thought of you as a good neighbour, a friend; last year we lent you our threshing-machine, although on that account we had to put off our own threshing till November, but you behave to us as if we were gypsies. Giving me my own land, indeed! No, really, that’s not at all neighbourly! In my opinion, it’s even 
impudent, if you want to know. 
LOMOV : Then you make out that I’m a landgrabber? Madam, never in my life have I grabbed anybody else’s land and I shan’t allow anybody to accuse me of having done so. (Quickly steps to the carafe and drinks more water] Oxen Meadows are mine! 

1. Tick (✓) the correct answers : 

Question 1.
(i) What was the opinion of Natalya about the family of Lomov? 
(a) Good neighbours 
(b) Bad neighbours 
(c) Enemy of peace 
(d) Very selfish 
Answer:
(a) Good neighbours 

(ii) What does Lomov say about Natalya’s family? 
(a) They were bad 
(b) They were gypsies 
(c) They were cruel 
(d) They were not cooperative 
Answer:
(b) They were gypsies 

Question 2. 
(i) Why did Natalya have to put off their threshing? 
(ii) What was the issue of dispute between Natalya and Lomov? 
Answer:
(i) Natalya had to put off their threshing because they lent their threshing machine to Lomov. 
(ii) The issue of dispute between Natalya and Lomov was the land of Oxen Meadows. 

Question 3. 
(i) Find out the word from the passage similar in meaning to cancel’. 
(ii) Find out the word from the passage opposite in meaning to – ‘enemy’. 
Answer: 
(i) Put off 
(ii) Friend 

Passage 7.

LOMOV : But, please, Stepan Stepanovitch, how can they be yours? Do be a reasonable man! My aunt’s grandmother gave the Meadows for the temporary and free use of your grandfather’s peasants. The peasants used the land for forty years and got accustomed to it as if it was their own, when it happened that… 
CHUBUKOV : Excuse me, my precious. You forget just this, that the peasants didn’t pay your grandmother and all that, because the Meadows were in dispute, and so on. And now everybody knows that they’re ours. It means that you haven’t seen the plan. 
LOMOV : I’ll prove to you that they’re mine! 
CHUBUKOV : You won’t prove it, my darling 
LOMOV : I shall. 
CHUBUKOV : Dear one, why yell like that? You won’t prove anything just by yelling. I don’t want anything of yours, and don’t intend to give up what I have. Why should I? And you know, my beloved, that if you propose to go on arguing about it, I’d much sooner give up 
the Meadows to the peasants than to you. There!

1. Tick (✓) the correct answers : 

Question 1. 
(i) Who gave the meadows to Chubukov according to Lomov? 
(a) His aunt 
(b) His aunt’s father 
(c) His aunt’s grandfather 
(d) His aunt’s grandmother 
Answer:
(d) His aunt’s grandmother 

(ii) What were the peasants accustomed of? 
(a) Sleeping till late hours 
(b) Sitting idle 
(c) Using the land 
(d) None of the above 
Answer:
(c) Using the land 

Question 2. 
(i) What is known to everybody according to Chubukov? 
(ii) What would Chubukov do if Lomov argues in that manner? 
Answer:
(i) According to Chubukov it is known to everybody that the land belongs to them. 
(ii) If Lomov argues in that manner Chubukov will give the land of the peasants. 

Question 3. 
(i) Find out the word similar in meaning to —“grassland’. 
(ii) Find out the word from the passage opposite in meaning to-permanently’. 
Answer: 
(i) meadows 
(ii) temporarily 

Passage : 8 

LOMOV Never mind about my people! The Lomovs have all been honourable people, and not one has ever been tried for embezzlement, like your grandfather! 

CHUBUKOV : You Lomovs have had lunacy in your family, all of you! 
NATALYA : All, all, all! 
CHUBUKOV : Your grandfather was a drunkard, and your younger aunt, Nastasya Mihailovna, ran away with an architect, and so on… 
LOMOV : And your mother was hump-backed. (Clutches at his heart] Something pulling in my side… My head…. Help! Water! 
CHUBUKOV : Your father was a guzzling gambler! 
NATALYA : And there haven’t been many backbiters to equal your aunt! 
CHUBUKOV : My left foot has gone to sleep… You’re an intriguer ……. Oh, my heart! And it’s an open secret that before the last elections you 
bri… I can see stars… Where’s my hat? 
NATALYA : It’s low! It’s dishonest! It’s mean! 
CHUBUKOV ; And you’re just a malicious, doublefaced intriguer! Yes! 
LOMOV : Here’s my hat. My heart! Which way? Where’s the door? Oh I think I’m dying! My foot’s quite numb…. [Goes to the door.] 
CHUBUKOV : [following him] And don’t set foot in my house again! 
NATALYA : Take it to court! We’ll see!  [Lomov staggers out.] 

1. Tick (✓) the correct answers : 

Question 1.
(i) Who was tried for embezzlement? 
(a) Chubukov’s father 
(b) Chubukov’s mother 
(c) Chubukov’s grandfather
(d) Chubukov’s grandmother 
Answer: 
(c) Chubukov’s grandfather

(ii) Who was drunkard in Lomov family? 
(a) Lomov’s grandfather 
(b) Lomov’s father 
(c) Lomov’s brother 
(d) Lomov’s mother 
Answer: 
(a) Lomov’s grandfather

Question 2. 
(i) Who was hump-backed? 
(ii) What did Chubukov say to Lomov? 
Answer: 
(i) Natalya’s mother and Chubukov’s wife was hump-backed. 
(ii) Chubukov said to Lomov never set foot in his house.

Question 3. 
(i) Find out the word from the passage similar in meaning to — bad man’. 
(ii) Find out the word from the passage opposite in meaning to — ‘unequal’. 
Answer: 
(i) malicious 
(ii) equal 

Passage 9.

LOMOV : I assure you that his lower jaw is shorter than the upper. 
NATALYA : Have you measured? 
LOMOV : Yes. He’s all right at following, of course, but if you want to get hold of anything… 
NATALYA. : In the first place, our Squeezer is a thoroughbred animal, the son of Harness and Chisels while there’s no getting at the pedigree of your 
dog at all. He’s old and as ugly as a worn-out cab-horse. 
LOMOV : He is old, but I wouldn’t take five Squeezers for him. Why, how can you? Guess is a dog; as for Squeezer, well, it’s too funny to argue. Anybody you like has a dog as good as Squeezer… you may find them under every bush almost. Twenty-five roubles would be a handsome price to pay for him. 
NATALYA : There’s some demon of contradiction in you today, Ivan Vassilevitch. First you pretend that the Meadows are yours; now, that Guess is better than Squeezer. I don’t like people who don’t say what they mean, because you know perfectly well that Squeezer is a hundred times better than your silly Guess. Why do you want to say he isn’t? 

1. Tick (✓) the correct answers : 

Question 1.
(i) What is the discussion in this passage about? 
(a) Land dispute 
(b) Quality of their dogs 
(c) Lomov was a bad man 
(d) Natalya was ugly 
Answer:
(b) Quality of their dogs 

(ii) Who was old and ugly? 
(a) Guess 
(b) Squeezer 
(c) Lomov 
(d) Chubukov 
Answer:
(b) Squeezer 

Question 2. 
(i) What price was declared by Lomov for squeezer? 
(ii) What was the meaning of ‘demon of contradiction’? 
Answer:
(i) Lomov declared that twenty five roubles would a handsome price for squeezer. 
(ii) Natalya said that first Lomov wanted to fight over land issue. Then he started on guess and squeezer. 

Question 3. 
(i) Find out the word from the passage similar in meaning to – joking’. 
(ii) Find out the word from the passage opposite in meaning to – God’. 
Answer:
(i) funny 
(ii) demon 

Passage 10. 

LOMOV : A hundred times worse! Be hanged to your Squeezer! His head… eyes… shoulder… 
NATALYA : There’s no need to hang your silly Guess; he’s half-dead already! 
LOMOV : [weeps] Shut up! My heart’s bursting! NATALYA : I shan’t shut up. [Enter Chubukov.] 
CHUBUKOV : What’s the matter now? 
NATALYA : Papa, tell us truly, which is the better dog, our Squeezer or his i Guess. 
LOMOV : Stepan Stepanovitch, I implore you to tell me just one thing: is your Squeezer overshot or not? Yes or no? 
CHUBUKOY : And suppose he is? What does it matter? He’s the best dog in the – district for all that, and so on. 
LOMOV : But isn’t my Guess better? Really, now? 
CHUBUKOV : Don’t excite yourself, my precious one. Allow me. Your Guess certainly has his good points. He’s purebred, firm on his feet, has well-sprung ribs, and all that. But, my dear man, if you want to know the truth, that dog has two defects: he’s old and he’s short in the muzzle. 
LOMOV : Excuse me, my heart… Let’s take the facts. You will remember that on the Marusinsky hunt my Guess ran neck-and-neck with the Count’s dog, while your Squeezer was left a whole verst behind. 
CHUBUKOV : He got left behind because the Count’s whipper-in hit him with his whip. 

1. Tick (✓) the correct answers : 

Question 1.
(i) What are the names of the dogs? 
(a) Herry and Victor 
(b) Guess and Squeezer 
(c) Tiger and Guess 
(d) All the above
Answer:
(b) Guess and Squeezer 

(ii) What did Natalya ask her father? 
(a) Asked about his work 
(b) Asked about his wealth 
(c) Asked about his education 
(d) Asked which dog is better 
Answer:
(d) Asked which dog is better 

Question 2.
(i) What are the good qualities of Guess? 
(ii) What are the two defects of Guess? 
Answer:
(i) Guess is of purebred, firm on his feet and has well sprung ribs. 
(ii) Guess is old and his muzzle is short. 

Question 3. 
(i) Find out from the passage the word similar in meaning to – ‘definitely’. 
(ii) Find out from the passage the word opposite in meaning to forget’. 
Answer: 
(i) certainly 
(ii) remember 

Passage 11. 

LOMOV : [Lomov enters, exhausted.] My heart’s palpitating awfully. My foot’s gone to sleep. There’s something that keeps.pulling in my side…. 
NATALYA : Forgive us, Ivan Vassilevitch, we were all a little heated. I remember now : Oxen Meadows… really are yours. 
LOMOV : My heart’s beating awfully. My Meadows… My eyebrows are both twitching…. 
NATALYA : The Meadows are yours, yes, yours. Do sit down. [They sit] We were wrong. 
LOMOV : I did it on principle. My land is worth little to me, but the principle… 
NATALYA : Yes, the principle, just so. Now let’s talk of something else. 
LOMOV : The more so as I have evidence. My aunt’s grandmother gave the land to your father’s grandfather’s peasants… 
NATALYA : Yes, yes, let that pass. [aside] I wish I knew how to get him started. (aloud] Are you going to start shooting soon? .
LOMOV : I’m thinking of having a go at the blackcock, honoured Natalya Stepanovna, after the harvest. On, have you heard? Just think, what a misfortune I’ve had! My dog Guess, who you know, has gone lame. 
NATALYA : What a pity! Why? 
LOMOV :I don’t know. Must have got his leg twisted or bitten by some other dog. (sighs] My very best dog, to say nothing of the expense. I gave Mironov 125 roubles for him. 
NATALYA : It was too much, Ivan Vassilevitch.
LOMOV. : I think it was very cheap. He’s a first-rate dog. 

1. Tick (✓) the correct answers : 

Question 1.
(i) Who was the real owner of Oxen Meadows? 
(a) Lomov 
(b) Chubukov 
(c) Natalya 
(d) Squeezer
Answer:
(a) Lomov 

(ii) What was the name of Lomov’s dog? 
(a) Squeezer 
(b) Natalya 
(c) Chubukov 
(d) Guess 
Answer:
(d) Guess 

Question 2. 
(i) Who gave the land of Lomov? 
(ii) What is the price of Lomov’s dog? 
Answer:
(i) Lomov’s aunt’s grandmother gave the land to Natalya’s father’s grandfather’s peasants. 
(ii) The price of Lomov’s dog is 125 roubles. 

Question 3. 
(i) Find out the word from the passage which is similar in meaning to  doctrine?. 
(ii) Find out the word from the passage opposite in meaning to – ‘fortune’. 
Answer.
(i) principle 
(ii) misfortune 

Passage : 12 

LOMOV : And with good reason. The dogs are running after a fox, when Squeezer goes and starts worrying a sheep! 
CHUBUKOV : It’s not true! My dear fellow, I’m very liable to lose my temper, and so, just because of that, let’s stop arguing. You started because everybody is always jealous of everybody else’s dogs. Yes, we’re all like that! You too, sir, aren’t blameless! You no sooner begin with this, that and the other, and all that… I 
remember everything! 
LOMOV. : I remember too! 
CHUBUKOV : (teasing him] I remember, too!» What do you remember? 
LOMOV : My heart… my foot’s gone to sleep. I can’t… 
NATALYA : [teasing) My heart! What sort of a hunter are you? You ought to go and lie on the kitchen oven and catch black beetles, not go after foxes! My heart! 
Questions or the after a 
CHUBUKOV : Yes really, what sort of a hunter are you, anyway? You ought to  sit at home with your palpitations, and not go tracking animals. You could go hunting, but you only go to argue with people and interfere with their dogs and so on. Let’s change the subject in 
case I lose my temper. You’re not a hunter at all, anyway! 
LOMOV. : And are you a hunter? You only go hunting to get in with the Count and to intrigue. Oh, my heart! You’re an intriguer! 
CHUBUKOV : What? I am an intriguer? (shouts] Shut up! 

1. Tick (✓) the correct answers : 

Question 1.
(i) Dogs run after a 
(a) Fox 
(b) Cat 
(c) Moneky 
(d) Man 
Answer: 
(a) Fox 

(ii) What did Chubukov ask Lomov to stop? 
(a) Teasing 
(b) Arguing 
(c) Blaming 
(d) Joking 
Answer: 
(b) Arguing 

Question 2. 
(i) How did Natalya tease Lomov? 
(ii) What did Chubukov say about Lomov’s hunting? 
Answer: 
(i) Natalya teased her hunting that he could lie on the kitchen oven and catch beetles. 
(ii) Chubukov said that he could argue people and talked about their dogs in .. the name of hunting. 

Question 3. 
(i) Find out the word from the passage similar in meaning to – discuss’. 
(ii) Find out the word from the passage opposite in meaning to – ‘find’. 
Answer: 
(i) argue 
(ii) lose 

Passage : 13 

NATALYA : He’s dead. [Pulls Lomov’s sleeve] Ivan Vassilevitch! Ivan 
Vassilevitch! What have you done to me? He’s dead. [Falls into an armchair] A doctor, a doctor! [Hysterics.] 
CHUBUKOV : Oh! What is it? What’s the matter? 
NATALYA : [wails] He’s dead… dead! 
CHUBUKOV : Who’s dead? (Looks at Lomov] So he is! My word! Water! A doctor! [Lifts a tumbler to Lomov’s mouth] Drink this! No, he doesn’t drink. It means he’s dead, and all that. I’m the most unhappy of men! Why don’t I put a bullet into my brain? Why haven’t I cut my throat yet? What am I waiting for? Give me a knife! Give me a pistol! [Lomov moves] He seems to be coming round. Drink some water! That’s right. 
LOMOV : I see stars… mist… where am I? 
CHUBUKOV : Hurry up and get married and — well, to the devil with you! 
She’s willing! (He puts Lomov’s hand into his daughter’s] She’s willing and all that. I give you my blessing and so on. Only leave me in peace! 
LOMOV : [getting up) Eh? What? To whom? 
CHUBUKOV : She’s willing! Well? Kiss and be damned to you! 
NATALYA : [wails] He’s alive… Yes, yes, I’m willing. 
CHUBUKOV : Kiss each other! 

1. Tick (✓) the correct answers : 

Question 1.
(i) How did Natalya fall into the chair? 
(a) Hysteric 
(b) Sad 
(c) Lazy 
(d) None of the above 
Answer:
(a) Hysteric 

(ii) What did Chubukov ask each other to do? 
(a) To play 
(b) To kiss 
(c) To laugh 
(d) To discuss 
Answer:
(c) To laugh 

Question 2. 
(i) Why did Chubukov ask for pistol and knife? 
(ii) What did Chubukov do in the end? 
Answer:
(i) Chubukov asked for pistol or knife because he wished to marry his daughter to Lomov. But Lomov lay unconscious and he took him as dead. 
(ii) Chubukov gave his daughter’s hand to Lomov and blessed them. 

Question 3. 
(i) Find out the word from the passage similar in meaning to-desirous’ 
(ii) Find out the word from the passage opposite in meaning to- alive’. 
Answer:
(i) willing 
(ii) dead 

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